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家庭订婚：是什么？

What are your feelings about working with families? What do you enjoy about it? What seems difficult? While you may feel motivated to develop relationships with families and to support family engagement, it is common to feel more success in focusing on your daily practices and your direct interactions with the children in your care. It may not seem simple to combine these practices.

家庭参与不同的含义完全不同rent people. In many cases, it relates to an ongoing partnership between you and families. Quality family child care homes are committed to engaging and involving families in meaningful ways, and families are committed to actively supporting their child’s learning and development. The literature around family engagement highlights the following characteristics:

• Strong, trusting relationships between providers, families, and community
• 承认、尊重和支持家庭的需要及其差异
• 基于实力的伙伴关系，决策和责任共享
• 活动，互动和支持增加家庭参与他们孩子的健康发展
• 家庭对孩子的学习负责狗万app怎么下载
• 致谢，家庭参与对家庭和家庭育儿家庭有意义，有利于家庭万博体育下载官方网站

重要的是要意识到家庭参与可以看起来不同，并采取多种形式。什么家庭参与手段和看起来依赖于独特的特征和个人舒适程度和对每个家庭的理解。

为了帮助确保家庭致力于他们孩子的学习并参与家庭托儿所，应该邀请家庭在他们觉得最舒服的任何级别参与。参与可能意味着为家庭托儿所的狗万app怎么下载所有孩子读一本书，或者进行实地考察。你也可以从父母那里安排机会为万博体育下载官方网站家庭儿童保育计划捐款，即使他们实际上无法在家里度过时间。例如，捐赠孩子们可以用于艺术的可回收物，制作家庭海报在家中展示，或者分享一份最喜欢的家庭食谱。为父母提供多种参与和联系的方式，特别是为那些日程安排和承诺千差万别的家庭。

对于家庭来说，从每天把孩子带到家庭托儿所，到分享关心的问题或组织活动，他们有能力并选择参与和参与的方式，感到得到支持和认可是很重要的。有关支持家庭参与的其他想法和注意事项，请参阅本节随附的参考资料。万博体育下载官方网站

家庭参与的重要性

家庭育儿的家庭参与可以通过各种方式获益儿童万博体育下载官方网站，家长，家庭，提供者和方案质量。你能记得你家人，社区，学校或家庭护理的关怀成人是否有助于你发展和发展？万博体育下载官方网站

Families are their children’s first teachers and they have a powerful effect on their young children’s development. This important relationship continues throughout a child’s development. Family engagement during the first years of life can support a child’s readiness for school and ongoing academic and lifelong success. Ongoing family engagement also supports school-aged children’s ongoing academic and social success.

研究表明，当孩子们涉及父母时，结果是非常积极的，特别是长期（亨德森和MAPP，2002）。当家庭参与家庭育儿家时，他们也可能觉得更归属于那里发生的事情，更能力万博体育下载官方网站在他们作为父母的角色。通过这些互动和关系，家庭可以从您宣传家中促进开发和学习的其他策略。狗万app怎么下载这种策略包括扩大儿童语言，大声朗读故事，从事对话和解决问题，询问开放式问题，鼓励儿童的努力，识别感情和情绪，或者冷静地应对挑战的行为。

Children develop within family units, which are different for each child. Since a child’s entire family can influence his or her development, it is important to think about ways to acknowledge and include a diversity of family types in your home. Throughout this series of lessons, we use the termfamilyto refer to important people in children’s lives. These people can be parents, siblings, guardians, extended family members such as aunts or cousins, and other individuals who are involved in children’s lives.

Benefits for Families of School-Age Children

According to research conducted in 2002 by the National Center for Family and Community Connections with Schools, there is strong evidence to connect parent involvement with student achievement. In their research, authors Henderson and Mapp found specific benefits for children and youth from schools and programs that have opportunities for family involvement. Many of these benefits are important in a school setting, such as improved test scores or higher grade-point averages. The benefits that may be observed in before-school, after-school or summer-care settings are:

• 更好的社交技巧
• Improved behavior at home and school
• Better attendance
• Improved family relationships

Family involvement not only increases child achievement, it also creates a high-quality learning environment. Family child care homes that encourage and expect families to be involved should see benefits such as:

• Effective communication between caregivers and families
• Feeling of community between the caregivers, children and youth, and their families

Relationships with Families

Think about a relationship you have with someone special and how it developed. What is it about this person (their characteristics and their actions) that supported your relationship development? Was this person upbeat, consistent, flexible, respectful, a good listener, reliable, honest? Some of these same characteristics and supportive interactions can lead to positive, trusting relationships with families.

为了有效地与家庭建立关系，您作为护理人员，必须先了解自己以及“关系”对您意味着什么。现在考虑你家庭和家庭关系的重要性和影响。例如，问问自己，“我收到了我的家庭和文化的关系是什么消息？”“我是否以与其他人相同的成年人的方式建立关系并与他人互动，当我还是个孩子时

By first understanding yourself, you can better recognize the importance of family in the lives of others and create an environment where different values and traditions are respected and honored.

When you build respectful, trusting relationships with families, you help create a network of support for children that provides for healthy development and well-being. These relationships are critical to provide the best care for all children and foster a sense of safety and attachment.

您可以与家庭一起共同努力，建立强大的关系，支持一致地分享基于力量的信息，了解孩子的发展和学习进度。狗万app怎么下载例如，与她的家人分享关于孩子的问题：“三一今天我问的时候用了清理篮，她帮我把所有的积木都捡起来了！”

您还可以确保家庭有权访问，并提供可理解，有意义，特定于其孩子的年龄和发展阶段的发展信息。随着家庭在家庭分享有关他们的孩子的利益和成功的信息，您可以使用这些信息来建立和努力为他们的孩子在家庭育儿环境，家庭和社区中的目标。万博体育下载官方网站第三课，与家庭沟通，将提供与家庭共享发展信息的其他信息和想法。你也可以：

• 创建并向家庭提供带有发展主题或活动的时事通讯、日历或明信片。
• Take photos of children engaged in various play activities and write captions for the photos, such as, “Bobby is making a new friend.”
• 观察家庭与孩子互动，分享某些行为是如何典型的发展阶段。“幼儿是忙碌的蜜蜂！我打赌她让你快速移动！“

家庭参与通过在他们选择的互动和经验中与他们联系并从事他们选择的互动和经验，并且对他们感到舒服的家庭进行。当家庭有信任，一致和与他人的响应关系（如社区成员，服务提供商，照顾者，教师）时，他们更有可能与他们的孩子有积极的关系。从本质上讲，如果您认为自己与家庭合作，您将获得您在课程中学到的家庭中心实践。与家人一起携带以下内容：

Helping Families Feel Welcome

Families and family child care providers ultimately have a common interest in children’s development. It is crucial to establish and maintain collaborative relationships between home and your family child care program that will promote children’s learning and growth. Considering that for many families, your family child care home is the first encounter with group care, the beginning may seem scary and stressful. Begin by thinking about what it might mean for families and new parents to consider your home for their child. Families often experience uncertainties and feel scared when seeking a care setting for their child. As a quality family child care provider, you can do the following to support families during this sensitive time:

• Invite families to visit your home before their child’s start date.
• 在孩子开始日期之前送家庭个人欢迎笔记。
• Ask families about their child’s interests, favorite toys, nap routines, extracurricular activities, hobbies, and preferences, likes and dislikes.
• 对于母语不是英语的儿童，请家庭提供儿童母语的单词或短语列表。
• Ask the family to video- or audio-record a message to their child that you can share with their child during difficult times in the transition period.
• Encourage families to bring a comfort item for their child from home, such as a favorite stuffed animal or blanket.
• 请家庭分享他们孩子的希望，目标和优先事项。
• 为家庭提供有关他们可以参加家庭护理家庭的不同方式的信息。万博体育下载官方网站
• 当涉及具有从干预服务过渡到家庭护理的特殊学习需求的儿童家庭时，提供有关过渡过程的信息，包括事件的时间表狗万app怎么下载。万博体育下载官方网站
• 对于具有特殊需求的儿童，提供有关您的家庭儿童保健家庭的信息包括特殊需求的儿童，并创造一个包容性环境。万博体育下载官方网站
• 如果您需要联系他们的孩子，请确保您向家庭询问他们更喜欢的沟通方法。
• Display photographs of children and their families—hang them on the wall where they can be seen or in durable photo books that children can hold and explore. Include books about families in your home.
• 询问家庭他们希望如何参加家庭护理家园。万博体育下载官方网站

Encouraging Families to Be Involved

There are many ways to encourage family involvement in family child care programs. If parents feel welcome and that their experiences, opinions, and feelings are valued, they are more likely to want to volunteer, assist with projects, and attend special events.

在你的家庭托儿所，应该有万博体育下载官方网站一个具体的计划，如何让家庭全年参与。尽管家庭的参与是自愿的，但你可以通过积极鼓励他们的参与让他们感到受欢迎。家庭儿童保育活动应反映家庭的兴趣，并激励他们参与。此外，您的计划可能有或可以建立一个家庭参与小组。这一群体应由鼓励交流和参与的家庭成员组成，目的是加强和支持儿童和家庭的福祉。这个小组是你项目的一个资源和资产，因为家庭可能会讨论问题或关注点，并建议改变以提高家庭满意度和参与度。与您的培训师、教练或家庭儿童保育管理员合作，促进家庭参与。

在下表中，您可以找到让家庭参与您的家庭儿童保育计划的各种方法。万博体育下载官方网站

活动	Description
Open Invitation	Invite family members to visit your home at any time.
家庭志愿者	Encourage family members to volunteer for jobs in the daily routine. Some ideas are morning helper, guest reader, party planner, or activity-preparation helper. Family members can also add a helping hand with cleaning and rearranging your home.
家庭电影之夜	Invite families to your home to watch a movie and share refreshments. It is a good idea to make the movies friendly for all age groups. This is a great way to have the whole family participate in one event.
Holiday Parties	Celebrate holidays throughout the year by hosting parties and events. These parties could include refreshments, crafts, games, activities, and movies.
健身活动	通过在您的家庭，当地公园或娱乐设施举办健身活动，鼓励健康的生活方式。有许多国家的日子庆祝你可以融入的健身，或者你可以创造一个自己的生活。您可以托管田间日，水日，迷你奥运会和其他有趣的活动。
特别活动	A special event could be just about anything! Have a dance, a birthday party for Dr. Seuss, vacation photo contests, science days, a potluck dinner, or any event that would encourage family participation in your home and allow families to spend time with their child in your home setting.
Theatrical Performances	Plan a talent show, play, or musical performance for the families. School-age children will enjoy using and showcasing their skills and talents.
Cultural Appreciation Events	Invite family members to share their diverse cultural backgrounds with everyone. This could be done in a variety of ways, such as having cultural celebrations, potlucks, or informal presentations.
Family Show and Tell	邀请家庭成员与孩子们分享他们的经历、职业或特殊才能。例如，他们可以演奏乐器，讲述到另一个国家的旅行，领导烹饪活动，唱歌或制作工艺品。
Service Projects	通过帮助有需要的人们为家庭创造家庭参与社区的机会。
家庭用餐	安排家庭加入孩子早餐，午餐或晚餐的机会。
Individual Family Meetings	Meet regularly with families to review and evaluate the goals they have for their child. Talk to them and ask, “What do you see happening? What do you think is working? What is not working? What could we do differently next time?”
大家庭成员	鼓励扩大的家庭成员来到您家的时间。他们可以参加上面列出的任何想法。
Be Open to Suggestions	Encourage families to share suggestions or concerns with you. You can use a suggestion box or send out a short survey to families asking about their ideas and suggestions for ways they might like to participate.

与您的教练，教练或家庭儿童保育管理员谈谈机会让父母参与父母在该地万博体育下载官方网站区所有父母的父母参与群体中。这些机会可能包括;

当地家庭幼儿社区的活动万博体育下载官方网站	Description
Guest Speakers	邀请社区成员来谈谈你父母关心或感兴趣的领域。一些例子包括一名警官谈论汽车座椅安全，或一名图书管理员讨论早期识字的重要性。
家长参与小组（或您的计划的同等机构）	邀请家庭成员加入一个定期讨论您更大的家庭儿童保育计划的小组。万博体育下载官方网站这些家庭成员可以共同努力，为孩子们计划活动，实地考察或特殊经验。该集团还将努力为其家庭幼儿提供者提供思想和目标。万博体育下载官方网站

Families teach the skills that enable their children to relate positively with others and to engage in activities. In addition, research has found that home-learning opportunities and parental responsiveness are significantly related to motor and social development, language competence, and achievement test scores across poverty levels and different ethnic groups for children birth to age 13. By offering a variety of ways that families can choose to be involved in your family child care and continue learning at home, you help enrich learning through stable, nurturing relationships.

促进家庭参与的策略

有时候您发现它挑战，以聘请家庭的家庭护理中的所有家庭。万博体育下载官方网站虽然您可以为家庭参与提供几个机会，但有些家庭仍然可能不会参加，并且您有时可能会因缺乏参与而感到沮丧。缺乏参与并不意味着他们不在乎。由于各种原因，例如工作和社会承诺，时间限制以及文化惯例，家庭可能不会积极参与家庭。继续邀请较少涉及的家庭给家庭育儿活动，以确保他们觉得他们能够在他们能够的时候来。万博体育下载官方网站全球家庭研究项目提供了一些促进家庭参与的策略。

• 关注家庭资产：家庭希望感受到被欣赏和欢迎。在计划活动时，总是欣赏家庭的知识基础和技能。计划庆祝家庭的活动，让家庭成员与他人分享他们的知识和技能。
• 考虑所服务家庭、儿童和青年的关切和需要：所有家庭都是不同的，会有不同的需要。计划各种各样的活动，让所有家庭都参与进来。始终观察家庭，并注意家庭可能存在的任何关键需求。
• Solicit family input: Family ideas and feedback are crucial to ensuring family satisfaction. Offer families a variety of opportunities to provide input, such as a suggestion box, conducting periodic surveys, and hosting group discussions for family input.

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Family partnerships will look different for each family child care. Creating a partnership between yourself and families should revolve around the specific needs of the children in your home.

以下视频提供了有关创建家庭伙伴关系的重要性的洞察力。

Importance Of Family Partnerships

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A great way to encourage family involvement in your family child care programhttp://www.naeyc.org/families/PTis by establishing personal connections with families of the children in your care. Think about families as partners; sharing information about yourself and your work with children will help families to get to know you better and ultimately help them feel more comfortable being a part of your family child care experience.

Here are some ideas to help you continue to engage families, to increase their involvement in your family child care, and to build relationships:

• Communicate with families and take time to observe their body language to help you measure their comfort level in the care setting. For example, if they are always standing by the door, invite them to sit at the table and share an activity with you and their child.
• 寻找如何询问他们对您的家中的感受如何，例如早晨咖啡和每月谈话，或一个简短的问卷。使用频繁的对话作为讨论他们可能拥有的任何疑虑的机会。
• Smile and greet families by name.
• Arrange the environment in a way that encourages families to spend time there. Keep the entrance area open and uncluttered with simple but attractive signs welcoming them. If possible, have a space for families' coats or belongings. Consider setting up a large board on a wall near the center of the room for parents to leave daily messages. Include some comfortable spots, such as pillows on the rug or a small sofa, so parents can read, have a quiet moment, or relax with their children.
• 花时间观察家庭互动智慧h their children to learn strategies for supporting them while in your care. For example, watch a parent change an infant’s diaper and notice the interaction and steps taken to support relationship building during this routine. Show families where important supplies and other items are stored so they have access to things they might need for their children when in the care setting.
• Include special materials or customs from a family’s culture.
• Establish regular times to meet with families face-to-face and help families design a plan or create activities to reach the dreams and goals they have for their children.
• Share observations and other strength-based information about their children.
• 询问家庭关于他们孩子的问题。
• Share something personal about yourself (e.g., “My mom tells me I struggled falling asleep for nap, just like Carlos. She said I never wanted to stop playing!”).
• Offer multiple ways to communicate daily with families (e.g., note home, share a photo of children playing, communication sheet with information about routines, phone call, newsletter).
• Create rituals around hellos and goodbyes.
• 邀请家庭分享他们所看到并听到他们在家里或社区中的孩子们在做什么。

In addition to encouraging family involvement, it is also important to spend time acknowledging families in your daily routine. Review the attached resource促进家庭参与的策略in Your Programfor ideas on how you can establish personal connections with families and how you can acknowledge families in your daily routine. The remaining two resources can be found by following these two links. The first offers advice about involving fathers in your family child care home, and the second provides resources for children’s books about families from the National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) website:

• https://childcare.extension.org/supporting-dads-in-child-care-lets-play/
• https://www.commonsensemedia.org/lists/books-about-families