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Communicating with others can be both simple and complex at the same time. Have you ever been surprised that someone misunderstood a message you thought you had communicated quite clearly?

看护人和家庭之间的沟通在日常Hellos和再见期间发生，以及在家庭会议等更正式的活动中。所有这些机会都要求您了解许多家庭的特征，包括语气，单词的选择和非语言通信，例如面部表情和肢体语言。当您意识到这些特征时，您可以更好地以最支持的方式沟通和尊重家庭。家庭将渴望知道他们的孩子是如何做的，并且如果没有理解某些事情，您可以通过提供鼓励的回复并要求澄清舒适的沟通。

与家人交流的重要性

Positive communication is perhaps the most powerful tool that you can use with families. Good communication helps to inform, reassure, and engage families. A single conversation, positive or negative, can set the tone for a family’s opinion of a family child care provider, so it is essential to develop effective communication skills.

Positive communication and relationships with families help to build trust. Trust is an important part of helping make sure that you maintain a partnership with families and work as a team to help children meet their goals. Trust between you and families makes parents feel good about your home and your ability to meet their child’s needs. A strong partnership between providers and families is built on positive communication. Positive communication skills help to make sure that accurate information is shared, expectations are shared, and trust is established.

考虑下面的信息，具体的沟通需要家庭可能会像孩子的增长一样。

与家庭沟通的方式

重要的是，程序使用对他们服务的家庭的不同语言和文化背景敏感的通信实践“（Halgunseth，Peterson，Stark，＆Moodie，2009）。每个家庭都教育他们的幼儿如何在自己的文化中取得成功。

沟通偏好可能与文化或社区价值观、优先事项和承诺有关。比如，搜狐、王志强（2006）发现，韩裔母亲，甚至说英语流利的母亲，面对面与老师沟通都有困难。他们的偏好是通过电子邮件或节目信函与老师交流。在与家人沟通时，也必须了解并考虑：

• 不同形式的问候和使用的标题可能是优选的
• 在各种文化中定义的男性和女性角色
• 非语言通信和肢体语言（例如，眼睛接触，使用触摸，使用物理空间）

You can ask questions to learn how families would like to communicate about their child’s day. Some families may prefer face-to-face conversations while others prefer telephone or regular (daily) notes. Each family child care home will have a variety of communication methods, both informal and formal. Depending on the situation or information being shared, you will need to determine which method is most appropriate. If you are unsure, always check with your trainer, coach, or family child care administrator.

非正式交流方法

Some examples of informal communication methods include:

• 家庭信息委员会：信息张贴在可能包括日程表，菜单，即将到来的活动和一般儿童护理新闻中的中央地点;这也可以是发布育儿资源的好处。
• 每日谈话：对日常活动的讨论，孩子如何做，以及家庭成员有任何问题，关注或要求。
• 通讯：物理或数字,是否通知家属your family child care’s news, menus, activities, and events; this would be a way to share a project that children have worked on, tell families about an upcoming movie night, or share articles of interest.
• Phone calls: A way to inform a family member of a minor incident or injury or to seek specific information.
• 短信: A very informal way to communicate with families; a good way to get quick information or send general reminders; sensitive or important topics should not be discussed in text messages.
• 万博体育下载官方网站家庭幼儿护理网站：A place to find information on a computer or mobile device, it may contain pictures, schedules, menus, upcoming events, and general news (you should also check with your trainer, coach, or family child care administrator for any regulations regarding internet use).
• Article of Interest:发送主页或发布关于家庭可能感兴趣的主题的文章是非正式分享信息的有效方法。通常这些文章可以包含在新闻稿中。
• 电子邮件：通知小事事件的家庭成员（例如，撕裂的背包或缺少许可​​滑动）或寻求特定信息的方式

当有所有家庭成员都应该知道的一般信息，如时间表、政策或即将发生的事件时，这些非正式交流方法是适当的。电话或电子邮件可用于通知家庭涉及子女的情况（例如逾期的许可证）。如果可能，提供者和家庭成员之间的互动应每天发生。这是第一个保持沟通线开放在您的家庭儿童保育家。不应使用非正式的沟通方法来讨论重大事件、行为问题或发展问题。万博体育下载官方网站

形式沟通方法

正式通信方法的一些例子包括：

• 个人会议：Conferences should be used to discuss child achievement, behavior issues, developmental concerns, or other major situations. Phone or virtual conferences may also be used if a family member is on deployment or otherwise unavailable. Be sure to check procedures for conferences and consult your trainer, coach or family child care administrator with any questions.
• Written or Email Correspondences:Written communications can be used to formally document an issue or concern; whether it is child behavior or parent payment issues, written correspondence and copies provide documentation for future reference.
• 大型集团家庭会议：群体会议可用于讨论家庭护理家庭内的特定情况，关注或问题。万博体育下载官方网站这主要可能发生在多个家庭中，并将由家庭幼儿提供者领导。万博体育下载官方网站正式的小组会议将有一个领导者和计划的议程。

Formal communication methods should be planned with the purpose of providing specific and important information. You should schedule formal meetings at times that work best for families. Do not spring difficult information on families at inconvenient times, such as during pickup. When discussing a child’s behavior issues or other concerns you may have, it is important to remain positive, respectful, and helpful. You are there to explain your concern and provide assistance and resources to the family whenever possible.

以下是如何在正式会议期间有效地与家庭有效沟通的提示：

家庭会议是加强家庭伙伴关系的好方法。它为家庭成员个人关注并允许他们自由地讨论他们孩子的发展，进步，困难或成功。积极的家庭会议将在您和家庭成员之间建立一个债券，这可能会使家人在未来讨论其孩子的舒适。

If appropriate, invite the child to be a part of the conference. Sometimes, having the child present will give you a better understanding of the family dynamic. It will also make the child feel responsible for their own actions and give them more ownership over the situation.

In general, families will help set the pace for their communication with you. It is important to acknowledge that it can take time for families to feel safe, comfortable, and friendly. Different forms of communication can play an important role in easing the process. Using a combination of communication styles with families might work best for their needs to be met. Other ideas may be to translate written communication into the home languages of the families in your family child care home and consider having translators that are regularly available for face-to-face or phone communication.

与家庭谈话困难

由于多种原因，与家庭的对话可能很困难。有时候，您可能担心家庭将被您分享的东西扰乱，甚至决定在不同的环境中注册孩子。您也可能担心家庭将停止与您共同沟通。虽然与关于担忧的家庭的对话可能是困难的，但他们可以为您提供一个机会以一个深思熟虑的方式表达您对家庭的照顾，以及孩子的发展和学习。狗万app怎么下载

Misunderstandings can also occur as your views and understanding of a situation may differ from that of a family member. In these instances, it is helpful to consider the multiple perspectives to a situation. For example:

当您需要与家庭讨论严重问题时，应安排正式讨论。这将最大限度地提高所有各方对结果满意的可能性。父母将尊重并能够在侧重于结果和协作的环境中准备。在拾取期间，这种结果无法发生。

作为一个provider who wants to give the best care possible for the children in your home, you have an opportunity to consistently observe and learn about their development. Your observations, notes, screenings, and assessments help identify strengths and possible areas of need that might arise during the year. Sharing these concerns with families is a first step to a supportive planning process.

查看资源，Sharing Concerns with Families，用于额外的想法和资源。

收集家庭和儿童信息

想想你被要求提供有关自己或您家人的信息的情况。您可能会记住让您感到舒适和安心的经历，以及让您感到紧张，焦虑或不舒服的其他人。关于这些不同的情况是什么让你感到舒适或不舒服？也许是那种特定的方式或基调，其中某些问题或者您被要求提供的信息的内容或性质？也许是您必须响应的可用时间，这些信息的共享环境或空间，或者可能有机会提前了解您将要求提供的信息？

现在考虑作为专业人士的实例是收集此信息的实例。您务必以何种方式提出问题，使家庭感到尊重，轻松询问？生成家庭和儿童信息是您作为家庭儿童保育提供者的关键作品。万博体育下载官方网站随着儿童和家庭加入您的家庭儿童保育计划，与他们建立强大和有意义的关系，万博体育下载官方网站开始了解它们。以尊重的方式了解他们的兴趣，他们的遗产，他们的需求和他们的孩子的希望和梦想，并利用这个意见来提高家庭育儿工作的质量。万博体育下载官方网站

As you continue to engage with families, think about how you want to be treated with dignity and respect and assume the families of children in your care want to be treated the same way. During this time, it is critical to maintain confidentiality and respect families’ right to privacy.

与家庭共享信息

现在，想想前面一节描述的场景的相反情况：您是接收信息的场景。例如，在你的医生办公室访问期间，你觉得医生或护士与你分享信息的事情是什么，是有效的？那次经历有什么好处或不好？是什么让你觉得个人是以尊重的方式与你分享信息的？信息是否以帮助您理解的方式提供？你有机会问问题吗？你觉得和你谈话的人对你有最大的兴趣吗？

就像你必须小心和体贴一样搜集来自家庭的信息，您对同样的事情至关重要sharinginformation with families. As a family child care provider, you must help families understand their child’s development and share with them information that you have gathered about their child. This information should be shared in a respectful way, considering families’ cultural and language backgrounds. Always use family-friendly language and avoid jargon, including terms or acronyms that families may not understand. For example, “cognitive development” or “developmentally appropriate practice (DAP)” may be confusing for families. Instead, try explaining that cognitive development is their child’s intellectual growth and DAP refers to best practices for a child’s individual stage of growth and development.

特别适用于婴幼儿

Communication with families is critical to the process of creating supportive interactions and experiences for infants and toddlers. Infants and toddlers can benefit from effective communication between families and caregivers because:

• 它帮助家庭和护理人员在特定的一天了解婴儿或幼儿的需要。
• 当积极的，健康的沟通正在建模时，婴儿和幼儿学习技能，以帮助他们在自己的社会发展中。
• 当他们看到他们的家庭信任并与他们沟通时，婴儿和幼儿可以与护理人员建立健康的关系。
• 护理人员可以更有效地构建婴儿和幼儿的兴趣和发展需求。
• Connection between families and caregivers is an important part of developing a high-quality early care and learning environment.

Specifically for preschool children

据全国幼儿教育协会（Naeyc，2009），早期儿童政策和实践中最大的问题之一是确保儿童准备好成功的学校经历。随着孩子们的成长和接近学龄的年龄，家庭和专业人士经常谈论学校准备就绪。在您与学前班儿童的工作中，家庭可以要万博体育全站app求您分享有关您是否认为他们的孩子是“准备好”的信息。

尽管学区或社区经常制定筛选计划或流程，以帮助提供者和家庭确定一个孩子是否似乎愿意过渡到幼儿园，必须灵活和广泛地定义学校准备。它应该涉及不仅仅是儿童及其能力或发展里程碑。Naeyc认为，学校负责满足儿童的需求，并为他们提供他们需要达到最大潜力所需的服务。Specifically, NAEYC asserts that promoting school readiness requires: (a) giving all children access to opportunities that promote school success, (b) being responsive to children’s individual differences, and (c) establishing appropriate expectations about what children should be able to do when they enter school.

It isyourresponsibility to help children learn and develop at their own level and to provide developmentally appropriate services and activities that meet each child’s needs. It is not the responsibility of children to meet school expectations upon entering school. As you meaningfully plan and implement your work, you set the foundation for children’s school success.

考虑到儿童护理varying abilities, cultural backgrounds, and diverse personal experiences, while also keeping in mind that children learn different skills at different rates, it is inappropriate and unrealistic to expect that all children will demonstrate skill mastery at the same time. As you read in the Cognitive Development course, even though most children follow universal patterns of development, there are individual differences among children that need to be acknowledged. You should assume this way of thinking when considering school readiness and when sharing information with families about kindergarten readiness.

When talking with families of children in your care, consider sharing the following about what they can do to foster their children’s development and to support your work:

• 花时间和孩子玩耍、交谈和接触。
• 在家里创建孩子们遵循的常规（例如，吃饭或睡觉时间）。
• 邀请并回答您孩子的问题。
• 与您的孩子参与阅读阅读。
• 熟悉您的环境中的符号（例如，字母，数字）。
• 鼓励你的孩子谈论周围的世界。
• Provide your child with opportunities for social interactions outside school.
• 让孩子们参与包括规划和执行任务的活动（例如，制作名单并追随杂货店，然后在食谱烹饪或烘烤某些东西）。

特别针对学龄儿童

与学龄儿童的父母沟通可以提供特殊挑战。随着孩子的增长，家庭与提供者之间的沟通需求发生变化。与在婴儿的照顾期间，幼儿和学龄前儿童不同，曾经儿童进入学校，提供者和家庭成员之间的沟通有时会万博体育全站app变得不那么频繁，并且往往只有在存在问题时发生。您的一部分是通过使用传统和创造性的通信方法的组合来弥合您家庭儿童保健家庭和学龄儿童家庭之间的差距。万博体育下载官方网站以下是创意通信方法的一些示例：

• Communication journals:物理或在线日记，允许家庭成员分享他们家庭生活的信息或照片，例如度假或部署经验。这些期刊可以在家庭成员之间共享，以帮助在家庭之间建立债券或在提供者和家庭之间来回通过以分享或寻求信息。
• 在线讨论组或博客：Use an online forum to allow communication between yourself and families. Using an online blog to communicate your family child care’s activities with families is a fun way to share photos, activity plans, and other information. This should be used for group information only, not information specific to one child. You should also check with your trainer, coach, or family child care administrator for any guidelines regarding privacy on internet discussion groups and the use of social media.

See

您应该将与家庭的沟通作为分享信息，观察，关注和问题的机会。观看此视频以了解更多您可以与家庭沟通的方式。

通信方法

Do

When collecting information from families, Banks, Santos, and Roof (2003) highlight the following:

• 考虑使用持续的非正式机会与家庭进行谈话。
• 在试图收集他们的信息之前，与家人建立良好的关系。
• 使用各种开放式和封闭式问题。
• Be respectful of families’ cultural and language backgrounds when asking questions.
• If possible, try to gather information from several family members about a child.

每当尽可能使用具体的例子（例如，观察，儿童工作示例），以向家庭传达有关儿童的信息。数据可以帮助家庭成员了解与它们共享的信息基于您以有组织方式观察或收集信息的情况，而不是根据您的个人观点和意见分享事物。作为您在家庭托儿服务中的工作的一部分，您可能会通万博体育下载官方网站过评估收集有关儿童的发展信息，并且家庭能够获得该信息至关重要。这也使家庭随着时间的推移遵循孩子的进步。

与家庭与儿童发展的家庭共享信息的一个很好的起点是邀请他们观察他们在家里的孩子。如果家庭在家庭的家庭护理时间内无法观察到，您可能会要求他们允许视频录制儿童节的一部分，以便该万博体育下载官方网站家庭有机会看到孩子从事您的家庭环境。观察后的一些时间讨论任何人注意到的家庭成员和解决他们可能拥有的任何问题。

There are multiple ways to communicate with families and share information. Try an idea below to communicate:

• 使用前后笔记本分享儿童节的亮点；家庭反过来可以提及儿童在这一天的观察和任何特殊需要。
• 为每个族创建文件夹或通讯日志。提供空间和方式，分享家庭日常笔记，并从家庭收集信息。
• Schedule home visits or conferences with families several times a year.
• 通知可能是兴趣的社区活动，例如发言人和课程。
• Ask families to share a “Me Book” starring their child that includes pictures and activities the child enjoys doing.
• 拍摄参与游戏活动和学习的儿童的照片。写下图片的标题，并把它们交给他们的家人。狗万app怎么下载