Know

The Importance of the Environment in Family Child Care Settings

Have you ever been in a situation where you were not in control of what was happening in the environment (e.g., waiting for a train to take you to an important event and the train is late)?

您是否曾在某种情况下，您不知道该时间表将是什么（例如，参加没有议程，时间表或结束时间的会议）？

How did you feel in those situations? Perhaps you felt powerless, scared, nervous, or frustrated. When you think about your own emotions and feelings in those situations then you may understand how children could feel if they have no control within their daily environment or have no idea about what comes next in their daily schedule.

Most adults in stressful situations are able to explain their feelings and express their needs:

• “我担心交通让我想在今天中午之前离开。”
• “Please let me know how long you think our meeting will last?”

Using language to express their needs or ask questions may not be true for children in situations where they feel vulnerable and out of control. Children are just learning new words and how to express their emotions. They may communicate their fears and sense of frustration through challenging behavior (e.g., whining, crying, throwing toys, stomping their feet, slamming a door, hitting).

当我们知道要期待的内容时，我们所有人都会在情感上表现更好，当我们有一个对我们日常生活中发生的事情的控制感。在托儿所，我们依靠环境来帮助我们引导孩子的安全感，附着和安全感。环境对家庭育儿环境的成功来说是至关重要的。万博体育下载官方网站成年人注意了身体和情感环境以及儿童如何与环境互动，较少的儿童使用具有挑战性的行为。

Routines and Schedules

Parents and children need to know the family child care’s routines and daily schedule. It is important that you and the children’s parents have a clear understanding of the daily schedule and expectations for the various age groups you serve. Some family child care programs provide a daily schedule in a parent handbook or posted near the entrance or on the website.

以下是儿童可以参考每一天的图片计划的一个例子，以知道接下来是什么并预测日常活动。

Display a word and picture schedule so that children know what is happening during the day. Preschoolers and school-age children may enjoy helping you create this schedule and post it where they can see it. Following the schedule and providing consistent responsive care will support children’s social and emotional development. When children know what is coming next and how routines are organized, they feel connected to you and other children. They feel secure in knowing what comes next during their day. Refer to the word and picture schedule throughout the day.

Building Relationships with Families: Communicating About Positive Child Guidance Techniques

As a family child care provider, you are responsible for making clear to each family your beliefs about child guidance. Each family should be provided with a family handbook that includes clearly written policies concerning:

• Beliefs about children’s social-emotional development and how positive child-guidance practices support children’s optimal social-emotional development
• Information about developmentally and individually supportive child-guidance practices and resources
• The practices you rely on that support the development of children’s empathy, kindness, and acceptance of all individuals regardless of culture, language, or abilities
• Information about the best time for families to contact you if they have any questions or concerns about your child-guidance practices

可能有家庭需要信息的时候and resources to help them cope with particular behaviors. Many first-time parents are unsure of how to address challenging behavior and may want to meet with you to discuss child-guidance practices.

你的父母怎么说t。交互模型o and address children when they engage in mistaken behavior. It is likely that families observe you and how you interact with them and their children during pickup and drop-off times. You build trust with families by genuinely greeting them each day (e.g., using a positive tone, body language, gestures) and showing them that you take personal responsibility for the safety and security of their children. You also build relationships with families when you comment about the warm relationships parents have with their children. As you get to know individual families, you may feel comfortable commenting to a parent about their own use of positive guidance practices when you see them interacting with their child.

可能有时您将遇到可能对儿童指导有不同信念和价值观的家庭。尊重尊重家庭并了解他们的价值并试图解决他们的担忧是重要的。您对您的价值观仍然存在并向父母解释为您将使用正儿童指导并依赖于此teaching儿童通过支持关系建设方法适当的行为。

As a family child care provider, your mission every day is to create an encouraging environment that builds relationships and contributes to the safety and security of all the children in your care.

Reflecting on the Role of the Family Child Care Environment in Positive Guidance

As you have learned in this lesson, a family child provider can use the environment (e.g., routines, schedules, and interesting planned activities) to support positive child guidance and minimize challenging behavior. Taking time to reflect on what is going well and what may not be going so well can help you understand what children are communicating through their behavior. Reflecting on your daily communication with families is also important to understanding what children may be experiencing at home or in the community.

反思这些例子：

• 如果孩子们在外面播放后哭泣，抵制在室内来临，请考虑他们可能喜欢的活动，并计划他们首次进入的时间的活动。例如：“在两分钟内，我们将在室内去。在我们进去之后，它将是时候打开音乐并一起唱歌。“
• A toddler resists leaving the child care setting with his father because his dad always picks him up during afternoon snack time. Plan what you might say when you talk with his father about your daily schedule. How might you suggest an alternative pick up time? Or how might you work with the family to make this transition time easier?
• 三个学龄前儿万博&狗万app怎么下载#20307;育全站app童正在学习如何骑行，但你只有一个三轮车。孩子们争取谁的转弯，它是骑三轮车。你怎么可能向他们解释，当一个孩子完成时，它将是另一个孩子的三轮车？当一个孩子会有转弯时，你如何安排视觉提醒？
• A child becomes overwhelmed by noise and feels anxious. How might you arrange for a safe, secure, quiet area where she can de-stress?

看到

Watch the following video for examples of positive environmental supports. Notice how the family child care provider uses the environment to support children’s positive social and emotional development.

Positive Environmental Supports

Do

混合年龄护理环境中的积极指导

When we think about child guidance in the family child care setting, we acknowledge that there are benefits and challenges to serving mixed-age groups.

有些好处：

• School-age children can handle more independence — you can provide them with more choices and give them more autonomy about following routines and rules.

  Example: “Carlos and Jana you may choose either a banana or an apple for afternoon snack today.”

• 学龄儿童可以模拟使用单词来表达自己的感受和情感。

  Example: “I’m sad that Aliya won’t play this game with me.”

• 万博体育全站app学龄前儿童可以在困难过渡期间帮助幼儿。

  Example: “Come play in the sandbox with me and wait for your mommy to come.”

您可以使用技术来创建积极的指导a caring community of learners and promote a family atmosphere when you serve children of different age groups.

Some challenges of mixed-age groups may lead to some children engaging in challenging behavior. Planning and thinking ahead about ways to support each child may be helpful to you when caring for a range of age levels:

• Keep in mind that guidance strategies change depending on a child’s developmental milestones. Ask families to tell you about any changes in family structures or events that may have an impact on their child’s behavior.
• Keep expectations realistic for each age range; each child is unique and develops at his or her own pace.
• Following an infant’s feeding, sleeping, and diapering schedules can sometimes be difficult when you are also caring for toddlers. Think ahead and plan for what you might do to minimize wait times for busy toddlers while attending to infants’ needs.
• 年轻的孩子可能会击倒或破坏年龄较大的儿童创造的持续项目。仔细看看你的物理环境以及如何为年龄较大的孩子设计一个单独的区域，同时仍然能够安全地观察所有的孩子。
• Teach younger children to respect older children’s books, homework, projects, etc.
• Teach preschool and older children that the younger or newer members of your child care program are still learning the rules and are finding appropriate ways to express their feelings and needs. Encourage them to be models of how to safely and kindly work within your program.

Creating a welcoming and safe environment with carefully planned routines and engaging activities goes a long way toward keeping challenging behaviors from occurring.

Summary

You build upon positive guidance practices during your daily interactions with children. As a family child care provider, you are responsible for providing information to families about your beliefs and use of positive guidance practices. Families can see the connection between your beliefs about how children develop socially and emotionally and how those beliefs are carried out through your use of positive guidance practices with their children.

Your positive attitude and warm interactions create an encouraging environment that seeks to build relationships and contribute to the safety and security of all the children in your care.