Know

Rules are the guidelines that help all of us know how to act in different situations. Sometimes the rules are clearly stated. They might even be posted in writing:

• Keep your seatbelt fastened at all times on the airplane.
• You must be 18 years old to vote.
• You must drive 25 miles per hour in a residential neighborhood.

其他时候，规则没有明确说明或发布。作为成年人，我们已经了解我们的期望：

• Wait in line quietly at the grocery store checkout.
• Face the front in an elevator.
• Say, “Hi” when someone greets you.

These behaviors are examples of showing respect or being friendly. No one specifically taught us that it is respectful to face the front and give others personal space on an elevator, but we have come to know this.

还有其他时候，我们学习了行为的方式，使自己或他人安全。似乎有人似乎不得不告诉我们做这些事情。然而，当你觉得回到童年时，可能有人提醒你做这些或类似的事情：

• Walk when carrying hot coffee.
• Prop up gardening equipment, like rakes, instead of leaving them lying in the grass.
• Turn skillet handles so they don’t stick out where people might bump them.

我们的父母或看护人可能会教我们这些行为。或者我们可能已经接受了别人正在做的事情并建模他们的行为。幼儿刚刚开始了解在大团体和公共场所意味着什么。他们也只是开始了解他们的行为影响他人。万博体育全站app学龄前儿童住在这里和现在;他们不规划他们的行为或考虑成年人所做的方式。这是我们作为成年人的工作，教孩子如何保持自己和他人安全。教学儿童少数安全规则是您作为家庭幼儿提供者工作的重要组成部分。万博体育下载官方网站

Effective Rules or Expectations

Rules are just one part of a larger plan for keeping children safe. Remember that rules work side-by-side with other parts of good early childhood teaching: a well-designed environment, appropriate learning activities, and nurturing relationships. Rules are guidelines or reminders about what it means to be a member of the family child care community. Effective rules for young children reflect what we know about how young children learn. According to Fox, Jack, & Broyles (2005):

行为有两种类型的指导方针：期望和规则。期望是您希望儿童表现的一般特征或方式。示例可能包括：

• Be respectful.
• Be safe.
• Be friendly.
• Respect others.
• Respect the environment.

规则有助于定义预期的意思。规则是我们对儿童沟通的方式意味着“尊重”。规则的例子是：

• Use walking feet.
• Clean up toys when you finish with them.
• Use gentle hands.
• Follow directions.

作为家庭护万博体育下载官方网站理提供者，您可以开发期望，规则或两者。请记住，幼儿仍在培养他们的认知技能。保持规则和期望简单很重要。不要害怕使用像“尊重”这样的复杂词汇。如果你教导意味着尊重，孩子们会理解它 - 你会以积极的方式扩大他们的词汇！

在您家庭的幼儿环万博体育下载官方网站境中，考虑发展为您的所有儿童工作的规则。例如，上面列出的规则和期望可能适用于您的护理环境，儿童和成人的所有人。但是，如图所示，“仅限”的规则，“仅限外面的球”可能无法正常工作，例如，您对您的计划中的婴儿有感官球来探索。

教学规则和期望

You have choices in how you design your program rules or expectations: you could write the rules and introduce them to the children, or you can write the rules together with the children.

无论您如何确定所述计划规则，确保他们符合本课程中描述的有效规则的准则。孩子们有时建议不符合指导方针的规则。例如，孩子们可能会建议规则“不要爬上操场上的围栏”或“不要咬人”。您可以为这些建议做好准备，并帮助孩子以积极的方式重新制糊这些。你可以说，“那是对的，我们不爬篱笆。我们该怎么做？“您可以指导他们走向像“保持脚在地上”或“只爬上梯子和楼梯”的规则。邀请孩子们帮助创造育儿社区的规则可以是让他们在家庭幼儿节目中安全的一种方式;万博体育下载官方网站即使是成年人，我们也更有可能记住并在帮助创建它们时遵循指导方针。

看到

计划规则

Do

Teaching Rules

Model

我们帮助孩子学习的第一种方式是是良好的榜样。我们的规则应该每天都在我们的家庭儿童保育计划中生命。万博体育下载官方网站您可以模拟尊重，安全，团队合作以及许多其他行为。

你有多少次看到成年人提高他或她的声音，告诉孩子安静下来？需要一分钟思考在那种情况下收到的消息。确保您的规则适用于每个人：儿童和成人。响起了关于规则的大声思考。当你在地板上清理泄漏时，你可能会说，“我希望安全和负责任。在有人滑倒之前，我会清理这个泄漏。“如果有一个以上的成年人，每个人都可以参与其中。在孩子面前练习解决问题。您能想到其他时候，您可以模拟儿童规则吗？饮料或食物消耗的地方怎么样？ Do adults and children follow the same rules?

帖子

A well-designed environment prevents safety problems. Your rules should be a part of the environment. Post rules where you are likely to need them: the main play area, by the door to the house, and the eating area. When your rules are posted for children to see, you can refer to them quickly and easily. Children can remind themselves and others of the rules, as well. Post your rules at eye level for the children. Be sure to include pictures or drawings of the rules. You can use clip art, hand drawings, or photos of the children.

如果你只照顾婴儿,发帖规则是莱克阀门ely not critical, as very young children learn the most about safety from your careful, personal feedback, and may not yet be able to interpret the pictures or drawings next to printed rules. However, if you have toddlers, preschoolers, or school-agers in your setting, developing and posting rules is one important aspect of safety in your environment. They provide a visual reminder of what rules and expectations are important in your program. You can also invite older children to be models and to provide helpful reminders to younger children who are still learning how to be safe and respectful in their child care community. Older children may become frustrated when younger children take their toys or neglect to put items away, and shout “he is not being respectful!” You can encourage older children to politely share their feelings and fears with the younger children, and also help them to be a resource about why the rules exist. Explain to the older children where the younger children are in their trajectory of learning, e.g., “When you were younger and learning about respect, you needed lots of reminders too. Part of our job right now is to keep showing our younger friends what it means to be respectful. When we show them our respectful actions and give them kind reminders when they need it, we help them learn.”

Remind and Reinforce

Once you have developed effective rules on your own or with the children in your program, it is important to remember to use them! Posting rules, even with a picture, is not enough. We have to actively teach young children how and when to follow the rules. Here are some ideas for teaching the children how to follow the rules in your family child care home:

• Discussions. Talk about why we have rules. Talk about situations when the rules help us. Ask children to generate examples.
• Act it out. Let children role play the rules. Have them show each other how to be gentle, what walking feet look like, etc. Also remember it can be fun to act out non-examples of the rules (when it can be done safely). If “inside voices” is one of your rules, let children demonstrate what “outside voices” sound like. This will help them contrast the two volumes.
• 玩游戏。关于早期学习的社会和情感基础的中心有几种方法可以帮助孩子记住和练习您的规则。狗万app怎么下载观看停止/去视频（在模块1中的视频1.12http://csefel.vanderbilt.edu/resources/training_万博体育全站apppreschool.html.）对于想法。
• Refer to the rules when children use challenging behavior. This will help you stay positive with children and redirect them to an appropriate behavior.
• Read scripted stories about the rules and safety (for example, “I Can Stay Safe” from the Center on the Social and Emotional Foundations for Early Learning;http://csefel.vanderbilt.edu/resources/strategies.html). You can also read other books at group time that help children think about safety, e.g.,官员扣和格洛丽亚由Peggy Rathman。提出后续问题，以帮助孩子们考虑安全行为以及为什么他们如此重要。