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    Objectives:
    • Describe the importance of outdoor play for infants and toddlers.
    • 确定创建安全,多样化和发育适当的户外学习环境的方式,以支持婴儿和蹒跚学步的开发和学习。狗万app怎么下载
    • 探索婴儿和幼儿可以在户外学习环境中学习的内容。狗万app怎么下载

    知道

    户外游戏的重要性

    当你年轻的时候,你记得在户外玩什么?你喜欢什么?你不喜欢什么?

    户外环境是婴儿和幼儿探索,收集信息和实验的完美空间。婴儿和幼儿是令人惊叹的年轻科学家,准备使用他们所有的感官来学习!

    户外环境提供儿童在室内不能在室内的体验。户外环境支持繁忙的运动,有助于加强儿童的肌肉,心灵和肺部。接触户外环境也可能通过加强免疫力,更规则的睡眠模式和幸福感的侵犯儿童的健康。户外游戏还鼓励创造力和时间,以便有些人认为是室内活动。例如,我们中的一些人喜欢在温暖而阳光灿烂的日子送一本书或海滩。其他画画和户外画画。或者也许有些人坐在享受景点,声音,嗅觉和微风的同时,看着人们走路。

    Being outdoors provides enjoyable experiences that are critical for infants’ and toddlers’ overall development.

    Creating an Outdoor Learning Environment

    户外学习环境应设狗万app怎么下载计具有与室内学习环境相同的意向性。他们必须满足年轻婴儿,爬行婴儿,开始步行者和活登山者的需求。

    作为我们最年轻的科学家和探险家,婴儿和幼儿在户外时需要不断监督。例如,使用他们的所有感官来学习,他们将常常尝试品尝他们未覆盖的东西。有必要考虑所有潜在的窒息危险,并且护理人员仍密切接近。

    Because infants and toddlers are still mastering balance, it is also important to offer a surface that allows them to move around easily and provides a soft landing. Surfaces that support infants, toddlers and caregivers provide a level of comfort (for example, not too hot in the summer or too cold in the winter) and have enough space for children to move around without hitting sharp edges.

    户外设备应能安全地满足婴幼儿的发育需要。《儿童社区投资合作资源指南》(Pardee、Gillman和Larson,2005)为婴幼儿户外空间推荐了特定元素(第13页):

    • 在阴影中放松的幼儿在阴影中吃或放松的地方
    • 方便地前往尿布区域和洗手
    • 爬行的安全斑点,如草地上
    • 一个非金属载玻片,带有低爬坡的平缓斜坡,步骤和扶手
    • Bucket swings at a safe distance from other play
    • Short tunnels and peek-a-boo places
    • Comfortable seating at various levels
      toddler playing with caregiver
    • Rocking toys that children can sit inside
    • 推动或骑行轮式玩具
    • 水和沙子Safe water and sand with simple props

    婴幼儿和幼儿安全的户外学习环境狗万app怎么下载是知情计划和故意设计,发展适当的设备和活动,密切监督,重点参与,并计划的活动,以支持发展和学习。

    按照您的计划的安全指南,以确保所有设备符合安全标准。请务必使用安全课程的安全检查表或您的计划来监控和检查程序的户外学习环境的安全性和安全性。狗万app怎么下载

    Engagement and Learning in an Outdoor Learning Environment

    Infants and toddlers benefit from the outdoors — fresh air, sunshine, open space, and exposure to nature. They have opportunities to grow and learn, affecting all areas of development. Caregivers can support infants and toddlers by reflecting on the importance of outdoor experiences and planning ways to include these experiences in learning. Specifically, caregivers can ask themselves:

    • 当我在户外观察婴儿和幼儿时,我是否会发现他们的注意力和学习的差异?狗万app怎么下载我怎么看待这一点?
    • How do infants and toddlers experience the different spaces or areas we have designed outdoors?
    • How does each infant and toddler develop while outside?
    • 我们以什么方式为婴幼儿和幼儿创造好奇心,挑战,奇迹和运动的领域?

    由于护理人员在户外考虑每个婴儿和幼儿的体验,他们也可以反思自己在户外的经历,以及作为户外作为幼儿的回忆。

    虽然所有年龄段的儿童可以享受户外学习环境,但护理人员应考虑婴儿和幼儿的各种年龄和发展阶段。狗万app怎么下载这样做帮助护理人员继续满足婴儿和幼儿的具体需求,并为他们提供有意的机会,因为他们探索世界时积极地使用他们的感官。

    • 年轻婴儿:护理人员可以在户外提供年轻的婴幼儿舒适和开放,同时鼓励享受许多感官体验。从事户外环境可能会涉及护理人员持有或保持婴儿关闭,并继续与她或他的自然惯例,例如喂养或睡觉。对于年轻婴儿来说,草和叶子可能是有趣的,因为滴水或从喷泉中滴水的声音。风铃可以制作和悬挂,以提供有趣的声音,这些声音补充了附近的树木或灌木丛的鸟类的声音。
    • 移动婴儿:在户外涉及移动婴儿的不同乐趣,因为他们正在学习自己移动的新方法。狗万app怎么下载树桩和坚固的花园容器邀请移动婴儿将自己拉起来。坐着,站立和攀爬区域可能包括长椅,原木或桥梁。沙子和水的阴影区域为挖掘,倾倒和倾倒提供无数的机会。花园区可包括柔软和彩色的花朵,植物与模糊叶子,和触感的苔藓。由仍然关闭的成年护理人员支持和鼓励移动婴儿的户外探索。正在学习走路的婴儿可以享受坚固的狗万app怎么下载推动玩具,他们可以用来帮助探索户外的同时直立。
    • 小孩打篮球Toddlers:护理人员可以继续观察和添加反映幼儿不同发展和技能水平的材料。护理人员可以为幼儿提供观看和检查动物和昆虫的机会,或者跳舞,并像他们在外面看到的动物一样移动。幼儿还享受拉瓦栏,推动车厢中的娃娃,并使用三轮车和其他骑行玩具。提供幼儿的机会,帮助他们照顾植物,为他们提供关怀环境的经验。

    观看这段视频,注意看护者如何支持不同年龄和发展阶段儿童的需求,同时提供不同类型的户外体验和材料。

    Outdoor Activities: Discovering and Exploring Together

    Strategies to Meet the Needs of All Infants and Toddlers While Outdoors

    Caregivers should also take time to understand what an outdoor learning environment means to families and try to identify strong beliefs, values and perceived risks. Outdoor experiences can feel unsafe and cause uncertainty for some families. Other families may feel very strongly that being outdoors is an important part of their infant’s or toddler’s day and wish that they spent the majority of the day outdoors. When caregivers have knowledge of and sensitivity to what is important to families, they will be better equipped to create meaningful outdoor learning environments while providing supportive care for infants and toddlers.

    See

    Caregivers thoughtfully plan and organize for learning in outdoor environments just as they do indoor environments. Watch the video below. What do you notice about the outdoor environment that helps provide these infants and toddlers with a sense of security and opportunities for development and learning?

    狗万app怎么下载在户外学习

    户外学习的机会狗万app怎么下载

    您可以做很多事情来增强和帮助婴儿和幼儿在室外环境中学习和感到舒适。考虑:

    • 使用摇摆和长凳帮助在户外创建一个舒适的区域,您可以在那里举行,饲料或读取年轻婴儿。
    • 使用桶,喷水灭火器,排水沟和喷雾器创造实验的机会。
    • Pointing out interesting sounds and sights, such as a bird chirping.
    • Growing nontoxic plants indoors and outdoors.
    • Taking seeds from fruits served at lunchtime and planting them with toddlers.
    • Lying on the grass and watching the clouds.
    • 通过添加画架,粉笔和油漆刷制作户外艺术中心。
    • Creating different outdoors surface to jump and balance, such as beams, logs, and stumps.
    • 添加平台或播放器,以支持假装播放。

    Explore

    Explore

    下载并打印附件,户外学习环境:小狗万app怎么下载插图。Read, reflect and answer the four questions and then share your responses with a trainer, coach or supervisor.

    申请

    申请

    Think about your outdoor play spaces. Download and print theOutdoor Learning Environment Checklist或者使用主管或程序提供的清单。使用培训师,教练或主管在您的游戏空间周围散步。想想你的空间的优势和需要。

    如果您是新的工作人员,您可以使用户外学习环境计划狗万app怎么下载开始思考您计划在室外学习空间中提供的经验,材料和设备。狗万app怎么下载完成后,将您的计划与培训师,教练或主管讨论。

    您也可能看看头部开始身体开始播放空间评估(https://eclkc.ohs.acf.hhs.gov/hslc/tta-system/teaching/eecd/nature-based-狗万app怎么下载learning/create%20and%20naturalize%20a%20aply20space/play-space-assessment-p万博体育全站appreschool。PDF.) to think more about the materials, structures, and features in the outdoor learning spaces your provide. See the physical course for more information.

    词汇表

    学期 Description
    无毒植物 如果消耗或触及,不会引起不利或有害反应的植物

    Demonstrate

    Demonstrate
    评估:

    问1

    对或错?户外学习环境不需狗万app怎么下载要与室内学习环境相同的故意计划。

    问2

    您的主管,培训师或教练要求有关项目/材料的建议,以包括在新婴儿和蹒跚学步的户外空间中。你建议什么?

    问3

    Finish this statement: Young infants…

    References & Resources:

    道奇,D。,鲁迪克,S.,贝尔克,K。(2006年)。婴儿,幼儿和两者的创造性课程, (2nd ed.) Washington DC: Teaching Strategies, Inc.

    Greenman, J. (2005).关怀空间,学习场所:儿童的环境狗万app怎么下载。交换新闻公司https://www.childcareexchange.com/catalog/product/caring-spaces-learning-places-digital/4900402/

    Greenman, J., Stonehouse, A., & Schweikert, G. (2007).黄金时期:婴儿和幼儿卓越的手册,(第2辑)。圣保罗:redleaf按。

    Resources for Teaching and Learning about the Natural World. (2008).YC幼儿,63.(1),42-43。

    Pardee,M.,Gillman,A.,&Larson,C。(2005)。为早期儿童设施创造游乐场(儿童资源指南的社区投资协作4)。New York: Local Initiatives Support Co.

    游乐场信息与环境评级秤一起使用。(2011)。教堂山北卡罗来纳大学FPG儿童发展研究所。从...获得http://ers.fpg.unc.edu/sites/ers.fpg.unc.edu/files/playground%20revised%2010-28-10.pdf.

    支持户外游戏和探索婴幼儿和幼儿。(2013)。早期开始国家资源中心。从...获得http://eclkc.ohs.acf.hhs.gov/hslc/tta-ystem/ehsnrc/docs/ehs-ta-paper-14-outdoor-play.pdf.