Know

Take a walk through any home improvement store, and you are likely to see the word “security” over and over again. You can find security lights, fences, doors, locks, windows, cameras, alarms, and even mailboxes. Why is security so important to us? We all have a need to feel safe in our environment. We prefer well-lit parking lots. We like parks with clearly marked trails. We look for places that allow us to recognize and respond to any danger.

Just like adults, children need environments that help them feel secure. Children depend on adults to meet their basic needs: food, water, shelter, clothing. They also depend on us to protect them from harm. Feeling safe opens the door for children to build relationships, become confident, and meet their potential (Maslow, 1943, 1945). We cannot expect children to learn if they do not feel safe.

Infants and toddlers are true explorers. They explore with all their senses, including taste. Once they are mobile, they search every nook and cranny. The environment must be ready to be explored, and you must be ready to supervise.

The term环境指整体上的教室以及包括玩具的物理结构，设备，家具和材料。

为什么对婴儿和幼儿的安全意识提升？

Infants and toddlers do not have the practical experiences adults have had in their interactions with the world around them to know what may cause injury. Child development is a factor in the risk of injury. Development occurs in stages and it will be a while before infants and toddlers develop the thinking and reasoning ability to keep themselves safe. As infants and toddlers develop their understanding of the world around, they become more aware of what is safe and what is not. Adults therefore are 100 percent responsible for creating and maintaining a safe environment.

Here are few things to keep in mind:

• 婴儿和幼儿无法预测危险情况。婴儿和幼儿无法看到他们的互动中的原因效果关系。
• Infants and toddlers have a limited vocabulary and may not understand sentences like “That is dangerous.”
• 婴儿和幼儿缺乏对他们不能总是阻止行动冲动，即使在不安全的情况下的那一点的冲动控制。
• 婴儿和幼儿的协调能力有限并保持平衡。

See

How do we keep infants and toddlers safe indoors? We can think about this question on two levels. First, we think about our facilities. Second, we think about the spaces and materials we provide in the classroom.

您的程序旨在牢记安全。观看此视频，请遵守保持婴儿和幼儿安全的安全功能。

接下来，考虑课堂环境和这些设置中的材料。以下是您可能看到的一些危险：

Unforeseen Safety Hazards

Hazards in the environment pop up throughout the day for many reasons:

• janitorial员工删除电源插座覆盖物真空，不要更换它们，或者移动设备以进行清洁，而未正确复位。
• A teacher accidently leaves disinfecting solution on an art table while helping a child in distress.
• An ink pen falls unnoticed from a clipboard.
• 一个孩子从玩具车上弹出一个轮子。
• A child drops a toy in the fall zone of the climber.
• 高脚椅带扣休息。
• A child learns to climb for the first time.

These are just a few of the incidents that can occur. By being aware of safety issues and taking precautions, you can be ready for these unforeseen events.

Known Safety Hazards

Safety hazards are present in every child-care environment and are most commonly associated with the physical structure of a room. For example, are chemicals stored out of reach of children? Safety hazards also include:

• 家具和家具展示位置。
• 在环境中使用的教师材料。
• Toys and materials children explore.

观看老师仍然知道已知的危险，帮助幼儿做出更安全的选择。

See the document室内安全危险有关一些室内危险的名单。请记住，没有列表可以捕获每一个危险或潜在的危险。考虑儿童不断变化的行为，他们的发展，新兴技能以及与环境的可能互动，以帮助您意识到危险情况。

Hazards in Routine Care

Routine care, such as meals and snacks, diapering, toileting, tummy time and nap present their own hazards. Active supervision during routine care is essential. See the室内安全危险list for routine care hazards.

玩具和物质危险

Toys and materials should meet safety regulations and be appropriate for the age and development of children using them. Check age guidelines on all materials, including art and sensory materials. Do a daily toy check for missing and broken pieces. It is best not to try to repair; repaired pieces can easily come undone. Scan the environment and materials throughout the day for damaged items. For more information about safe toys and materials refer to:http://nrckids.org./CFOC/Database/5

召回材料

Manufacturers by law must notify the public of toys and equipment that are recalled. Your supervisor will inform you if there are recalled items in your room so they can be removed.

A list of recalls can be found athttp://www.cpsc.gov

Choking Hazards

由于婴儿和幼儿口对象，所达到的所有玩具和材料都不能小到足够小，以免窒息危险。扼流管可以测试玩具或材料是否太小，可能会造成窒息危险。扼流管相对便宜，可保持在您的房间里。食物是婴儿和幼儿的另一个窒息危险，因此遵循所有食物规模指南。在健康的课程中将在食物上封闭食物。

有关不安全材料的尺寸，请参阅室内安全危险列表。食物窒息危险在健康的课程中得到解决。扼流管不习惯测试食品。

Do

take

The world for children looks much different than the view adults have when looking down. To see what hazards lie in wait for infants and toddlers, get on their level. Take a tour of your room on your knees to see what they see.

如果您准备确保婴儿和幼儿在室内环境中的安全性，您应该能够进行以下声明。

When it comes to ensuring safe indoor environments, I always do the following:

• I conduct a safety checklist daily before children arrive.
• I lock away any items that could be dangerous to curious infants (purses, medication, etc.).
• 我对安全问题通过监视我的教室out the day and correct them immediately.

Summary

准备和维护您的环境，使其摆脱危险，并提供积极的监督将为您提供婴儿和幼儿的基础，以便可以自由地探索和发现。

Completing this Course

For more information on what to expect in this course and a list of the accompanying Learn, Explore and Apply resources and activities offered throughout the lessons, visit the Infant and Toddler Safe Environments课程指南。

请注意，每个课程结束时的引用和资源部分概述了参考源和资源，以查找有关所涵盖主题的其他信息。当您完成课程时，您预计不会审查所有可用的在线参考。但是，欢迎您进一步探索资源，如果您有兴趣或培训师，教练或管理员的要求进一步探索资源。