知道

您的第一个优先事项是让孩子们在您的护理中免受伤害，尽管它不像它声音那么容易。婴儿和幼儿依靠100％，让他们保持安全。孩子们年轻，他们依赖于他们周围的成年人。虽然他们正在学习什么是安全的，狗万app怎么下载而且没有什么，但在没有你的不断关注的情况下，它将是一段时间。因此，您必须每天全天提供积极的室内监督。

Utilizing primary care-giving supports active supervision. Assigning a primary group of infants or toddlers to you and your teaching partner creates a smaller group of children, which makes supervision easier. Even though you are assigned specific children for the purposes of continuity of care, all teachers in a classroom provide assistance in supervising all the children in the room.

比率

良好的比例优化护理，有助于保持婴幼儿的安全。你的PUBLIC程序的ratios must be maintained at all times. Follow yourPUBLIC程序的如果您需要紧急帮助以维持比率，请联系主管的程序。

What is a Safe Adult-Child Ratio?

Recommendations for adult-child ratios have two parts: (a) the number of children per staff member and (b) the maximum group size. National associations and the Department of Defense recommend a maximum group size of eight for children ages birth to 15 months and a ratio of at least 1:4. When children are 21 to 36 months, the maximum group size can reach 12 children (ratio 1:6). The group sizes and ratios are guidelines. Your specificPUBLIC州已经建立了成人与儿童的比例，以保证儿童的安全。

监督

监督不仅仅是观察婴幼儿。它包括积极观察和预测他们的行为，预测和评估环境中的危险，以及在日常活动、游戏和学习中与婴幼儿互动。监督必须根据每个孩子的需要、每个经历和每个活动而有所不同。狗万app怎么下载

在问题发生之前采取行动避免问题。在与你的合作老师交谈时，讨论安全问题并做出必要的调整。必要时可以介入。你可以在与婴幼儿玩耍时进行监督，以支持他们的社会发展。

How your environment is arranged can either help or hinder supervision. For example a tall shelf can get in the way of your ability to visually supervise the children on the other side. If there are areas that make being able to see more difficult then it’s important that you position yourself so you can see what’s going on at all times. Hazards in the environment can pop up at any time. For instance, toddlers may drop toys in the fall zone of the indoor climber, or water may be spilled on the floor during water play, putting everyone at risk. Frequently scanning the room for possible hazards and taking the necessary actions will help prevent injury.

See

在游戏和学习期间的监督狗万app怎么下载

During play and learning, you should be able to easily see children at a glance in all parts of the room. Noise levels should be maintained that allow you to hear infants' coos, sounds of distress, and the language of toddlers. Being able to hear infants and toddlers means you will be alert to distress, and it is important for development of language skills.

始终住在婴儿和幼儿的易于到来 - 不超过手臂的长度。一些活动需要更接近的监督。例如，如果儿童无人看管，可以使用攀爬设备，或使用攀爬设备的使用，或者使用攀爬设备，如果儿童无人看管。

靠近非移动婴儿，以保护他们免受移动婴儿和幼儿。靠近一个孩子的行为更具侵略性的孩子。允许所有婴儿和幼儿与同行互动以发展社交技能。您的存在不仅会保护婴儿，它将促进社会化。

在常规护理期间监督

Routine care, which includes meals and snacks, diapering and toileting, arrival and departure, and nap, requires vigilant supervision.

抵达和离开

The arrival and departure routine is the transferring of care to and from home. Greeting each family member and child upon arrival is a conscious and visible strategy to say “I am aware and happy that you are here.” This says to families that their child is transitioning to your care for the day. Departure is similar. Greeting the family when they arrive and saying goodbye to the child and family completes the transition. To account for each child, immediately record the arrival and departure date and time and the name of the adult dropping off or picking up the child.

喂食

喂食期间请遵循以下安全监督指南：

尿布和如厕

在尿布时，始终用一只手放在婴儿身上。尿布前准备好材料可以让你的手继续工作。如厕程序暴露幼儿的水深到足以溺水。洗手可能需要一个凳子，幼儿可能会从凳子上摔下来。记住，这些类型的护理程序对你来说可能是例行公事，但对蹒跚学步的孩子来说却不是。他们的运动技能仍在发展中。他们还在学习协调和平衡，所以事故更容易发生。浴室是不容易使安全的环境，所以你的危险意识是至关重要的，以防止伤害。狗万app怎么下载

小睡

在午睡期间的积极监督至关重要。婴儿应始终通过视觉和声音直接观察。这包括他们将睡觉或醒来的时候。房间里的照明必须让您看到每个婴儿的脸，以查看皮肤的颜色，并检查他们的呼吸。虽然安全睡眠实践在本课程的第五课中得到解决，但这里值得在这里说婴儿必须始终放在他们的背上睡觉。当婴儿和幼儿正在睡觉时，镜子或视频设备可用于支持睡眠区域的监督，但它们不会取代直接视觉或听觉监督。

观看以下视频，并遵守护理人员使用的监督策略以及每个策略如何在让孩子们安全中发挥作用。

做

监督不是孤独的任务。与婴儿和幼儿互动时，您最佳地监督。您和婴儿和幼儿将在谈论，唱歌，咯咯地笑，让发现，安静的时间，分享一本书，探索玩具和材料，共享一对一，并与同行接合。

在你的监督下，婴幼儿可以自由地了解他们自己、他们的环境和周围的人，从而促进全面发展。您应该能够做出以下陈述：

在比率和室内监督方面，我总是采用以下策略：

• 我期待孩子的行为。
• 我不断通过孩子的所有空间行动。
• 我经常扫描区域以确保安全。
• 我限制与其他成年人接触。
• I am in an arm’s reach of infants during tummy time.
• 我一直检查设备是否损坏。
• 我经常与儿童接触。
• I always keep one hand on the infant while diapering.
• I immediately act to prevent injury.
• I provide interaction and support during play and learning.
• 我迅速和有效地回答孩子dren's distress.
• 我为高风险活动提供更严密的监督。
• 当移动的婴儿和蹒跚学步的小孩靠近我时，我坐在婴儿旁边。
• I always place infants on their backs to sleep.
• I am present and closely watch each child use the toilet.
• I am present and closely watch each child wash his or her hands.
• 我与其他工作人员协调，以确保我们在房间里定位，所以所有的孩子都可以随时可见。
• I remain in an arm's reach of children who are eating.
• 我与要睡觉的孩子保持视觉接触，睡着，或者正在醒来的过程中。