安全设施的关键是监控。但是，你不能始终在所有地方。不可能自己监控整个设施。本课程旨在帮助您了解您的设施是如何设计的，以防止儿童虐待和忽视。然后，它将向您介绍通过闭路电视监控系统和监视您的程序的滥用和忽视。

How is Your Facility Designed to Keep Children Safe?

注意：本节已密切调整在国防部，军事儿童和青年计划的家庭政策办公室的两个来源，并根据统一设施标准（UFC 4-740-14）进行交叉引用和更新）:

• Koralek，D. G.（1993年11月）。防止父亲滥用和忽视中心设置。华盛顿特区：教学策略，Inc。国防部合同系列#MDA 903-91-M-6715家庭政策支持和服务办公室，国防部长办公室。
• Koralek，D. G.（1994）预防儿童虐待和忽视：青年计划人员的培训模块。双H制作。国防部合同＃DAE08-94-5011。

适龄儿童发展和项目运作in many different types of facilities. Your program might operate within a dedicated Child Development Center, in a renovated elementary school, a community center, or a variety of other settings. Regardless of floor plan or design elements, all programs share several key characteristics that protect children from harm. These features promote visibility and enable active supervision of children at all times (depending on the age and design of your facility, it may not have all of these features):

In CDCs:

• 门口有窗户，所有房间和用于照顾儿童的区域（成人和学龄厕所房），允许在房间外面观看房间的活动。
• There are vision panels between activity rooms and hallways to provide visual access.
• Doors on toilet stalls are removed, except for toilets used by children over age 5 and adults; or there are half walls that allow line of sight supervision for children under age 5.
• 厕所围绕的墙壁摊位在正常高度的一半，如果可能的话，允许更好地查看卫生间。
• 存储区域的设计使门上的硬件可在两侧操作。壁橱上的门可以在没有钥匙的情况下从内部打开。这可以防止孩子锁定在壁橱或存储区域中。在某些服务中，所有存储区域的门都需要视觉面板。
• 没有窗帘或百叶窗，妨碍孩子接受小心或某人可能带孩子的地区的地区。Art work is not hung on windows.
• There are sinks for handwashing in activity rooms rather than in toilet areas so children can be observed more easily.
• Diapering areas are separated from activity rooms by either half walls or walls with glass. Ideally, buildings are constructed with no walls between diapering areas and activity rooms to increase visibility of caregivers and children during diapering.
• 婴儿床或睡眠区位于活动室。如果建筑物的设计防止这种布置，婴儿床或睡眠区域与玻璃的半壁或墙壁分离出活动室。
• 安装凹面镜，在需要提高可见性时。
• Rooms used for evening care are located near the front door so staff and parents have easy access.
• Outdoor play areas are constructed so all parts can be viewed from inside the center and from outside the playground fencing. There are windows in the walls between activity rooms and outdoor play areas to permit viewing of both areas.
• 从主楼可见到存储区域的门，因此可以通过游乐场上的成人视觉监测它们。
• Play structures such as lofts and play houses are built so that children can be viewed while at play in the structure.
• 闭路电视（CCTV）系统安装，正常工作，并允许员工，经理，T＆CS和家庭监控计划活动。

In School-Age programs:

• 所有程序领域（房间，走廊，停车场和户外空间）都是充分利用的，可见性足够好，工作人员可以轻松监督所有空间。
• 存储区域的设计使门上的硬件可在两侧操作。壁橱上的门可以在没有钥匙的情况下从内部打开。这可以防止孩子锁定在壁橱或存储区域中。在某些服务中，所有存储区域的门都需要视觉面板。这可以防止孩子互相进入不安全的空间或意味着伤害的成年人。
• 闭路电视系统安装，正常工作，允许工作人员，经理，T＆CS和家庭监控计划活动。
• 没有窗帘或百叶窗，妨碍孩子接受小心或某人可能带孩子的地区的地区。
• 安装凹面镜，需要在需要提高角落或难以看到的空间周围的可见性。
• Doors to outdoor storage areas are visible from the main building so they can be visually monitored by adults other than those on the playground.

Using Closed Circuit Television

闭路电视surveillance cameras can be a powerful tool in preventing child abuse and neglect. These cameras not only deter staff from inappropriate behavior, but they also can help protect staff from false allegations of child abuse or neglect. Despite the benefits, the use of video in programs introduces other potential risks related to privacy. It is important to comply with all regulations related to the use of closed circuit television while mitigating risks to the privacy of children, families, and staff. YourMILinstallationPUBLIC程式可能具有与使用闭路电视监控系统相关的具体指导。了解您的工作地点是否有具体说明或备忘录（例如：http://mccscherrypoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/closedcircuittv.pdf.)

There are several topics you must consider to maximize your use of closed circuit television surveillance systems:

• 记录和定期监控视频：如果没有一个视图输出，闭路电视系统是无用的。确保视频监视器安装在管理团队可以实时观看镜头或从录制中轻松观看镜头的位置。取决于您的MILService’sPUBLIC程式policies, the location should be accessible to families who request to view their child’s classroom.
• Sharing video: No footage should ever be shared with anyone outside of the organization unless specifically ordered to do so as part of an investigation. Ask about yourMIL安装PUBLIC程式与（a）实时查看录音有关的政策，（b）录像以前在教室中录制的镜头。MILIn some cases, recorded footage is considered Government property, for exclusive use of the Government. Recorded footage may only be accessible to families or other individuals through a Freedom of Information Act request. In such cases, there would be specific steps you need to follow in preparation for or compliance with the request.
• Destroying video: Learn yourMIL安装PUBLIC程式存储和销毁视频的政策。例如，在某些安装上，视频维护了30天，然后销毁。如果管理层意识到可能受到镜头影响的情况（索赔或诉讼），则视频仅保留超过30天。MILThis might vary across Services and installations, so check with leadership on your installation. If your installationPUBLIC如果你的程序does not have a policy on this topic, you can find a sample in the Apply section.

限制访问

Child development and school-age programs are busy places. It takes a large team to keep the programs running. Your facility has been designed to ensure that only authorized individuals enter the building. According to Koralek’s guide to preventing child abuse and neglect in center settings (1993), design features include:

• 接待台位于，以便可以通过接待台员工查看入口。
• Centers have alarms on all exit doors, other than the main entrance and the kitchen exterior entrance, that do not open to a fenced area.
• One central entrance area serves all wings or modules. This reduces the number of ways to enter or exit the building.
• 主要入口处的系统，例如蜂鸣器系统，在夜间限制在建筑物的入口时，只有几名护理员工值班。

Those strategies simply help you control who enters the doors. How do you ensure that children are safe in the presence of authorized individuals? How do you ensure that those individuals share your mission to keep children safe? For individuals like regular teen and adult volunteers, contractors (e.g., someone contracted to teach a language class), nurses, and food service personnel, the answer is relatively simple. You must conduct standard background checks and provide adequate supervision.

For individuals like maintenance and delivery personnel, the answer is a bit more complicated. These individuals may be infrequent or one-time visitors to your program. However, they might have access to parts of the building where children are present. To ensure children’s safety, you must control access and monitor visitors at all times. Enforce your program’s sign-in and sign-out procedures. Check in with the visitor regularly. As always, ensure staff use active supervision strategies to monitor children and youth. When unfamiliar adults are working in the building, staff should adjust their supervision to keep children safe. For example, if maintenance is being performed in a school-age program activity room, the room might be closed to children or a staff member might stay in the room at all times.

Controlling access can be even more difficult if your program is co-located within another program (i.e., your school-age program is co-located in drop-in teen center). Remember, child abuse does not just happen at the hands of adults. Older children or teens can also target younger children. Staff supervision and “management by walking around” become critically important in these situations. Make sure staff members are aware of the risks and your expectations: develop written plans for supervising areas or groups of children, develop and communicate boundaries within the program (i.e., where are children and teens supposed to be and at what times), and move around the building frequently to make sure all plans are in place. Finally, educate the children about safety within the program. At the most basic level, teach children where they are allowed to go and when. Work with staff members and local agencies to develop curricula or teaching strategies related to personal safety. Topics might include being aware of your environment, recognizing risky situations, responding to risky situations, and finding an adult when you feel unsafe.