Introduction

支持家庭可以采取多种形式。支持可以为家庭提供非正式的机会，以便举办危机干预。目标是提供一个全面的具体资源制度，因此家庭可以使用最能满足其目标，兴趣和需求的支持。您的计划是一个自然的地方，家庭可以得到他们需要解决其生活中的风险和压力的帮助，所以他们可以更有效地应对和父母。虽然本课程是关于家庭的，但内容在支持可能遇到与您家庭相同的困难的员工时相关。

非正式支持网络

Networks of support are essential when it comes to solving problems. By providing a warm and inviting environment and facilitating the development of trusting relationships, you and your staff provide families with an emotionally safe place to share concerns, get advice, or ask for assistance. Never underestimate the impact of random acts of kindness at drop-off and pick-up, or the emotional support of acquaintances when someone is experiencing stress.

计划人员

项目工作人员注意到o在最好的位置r hear if families are experiencing stress in their lives. Their daily contact with families means they may be the first ones to notice when something isn't quite right. Some families will be very upfront when things aren't going well and others will be very guarded, even if they have good relationships with your staff members. Your role is to make sure staff have been trained on:

• 如何识别痛苦或危机的迹象
• How to respond supportively and confidentially to distress or crisis
• How and when to communicate concerns to you
• 如何使用家庭设置适当的边界
• How and when to connect families to the Inclusion Action Team
• How to link families to resources

点对点

Having social connections is another protective factor that enhances a family's ability to cope and solve problems in times of need. Promoting opportunities for families to connect with their peers and to learn from each other is an important way to build social connections. You know your families best, and therefore you play a pivotal role in connecting them to each other. You can promote social connections by:

• Designing spaces in your program that are conducive to private conversations
• Using information gleaned from surveys to offer networking sessions on identified topics
• Facilitate introductions of like-minded families; for example families who have twins, share similar hobbies, or have experienced a loss
• Recruit families to participate on decision-making groups, such as for the creation of a community garden

Formal Networks of Support

In addition to providing informal networks of support, it's important to provide more formal opportunities for social connections. Sponsoring educational opportunities and identifying available community resources are two ways to provide more formal networks of support to families.

教育机会

家庭已经在您的计划中，因此为他们提供有机会参加教育研讨会，同时他们使他们更容易获取所需信息。使用来自父调查的信息以及您对您所服务的家庭的独特需求和利益的理解，帮助您为您计划相关的研讨会。此信息有助于您为主题家庭定位社区培训师。每六个月创建研讨会时间表鼓励家庭标记日历以制定计划。有这么多潜在的研讨会主题。一些流行的主题可能包括：

• 育儿
• Child development
• Challenging behaviors
• Special needs
• Handling transitions
• 学校准备和成功
• Financial literacy
• Healthy relationships
• Healthy cooking
• Handling separation and loss

社区资源

Connecting families to community resources is an important aspect of your job. Providing concrete supports in times of need is another protective factor. Anticipating and securing the types of resources your families may need ensures they that they are easily accessible when needed. Attending community events, keeping abreast of community resources, signing up for email lists and other online resources connects you with professionals and programs beneficial to your families. Having representatives from social-service agencies, faith-based communities, and mental health agencies come to your program to share their information gives families a chance to learn about resources they may need now or in the future. Scheduling information-sharing sessions about available resources at pick-up time increases the chances of parents will have access the information they might need.

Once community resources are identified and collaborations are in place, staff need to know what resources are available and how to refer families for services. You can publish and regularly update a resource directory so families and staff know about available resources and the processes for accessing them. To ensure all families are aware of community resources, use a universal education approach. This means you inform all families of your resource binder and various support programs, not just those who appear to be at risk of needing help. You might also choose to use a specific screening tool, in addition to a universal education approach. One widely-available and free tool is the Protective Factors Survey, 2^nd版本（PFS-2）。虽然被创建的PFS-2以防止虐待儿童滥用和忽视，但它还为您提供了课程的家庭的快照，家庭保护区的变化以及工作人员可以专注于增加个体家庭保护因素的地区。有不同的PFS-2版本，您可以参考引用和资源部分，了解有关不同版本的信息以及如何使用它们。此外，您可以访问“学习”部分中的PFS-2传统版本。

Strengthening Military Families

部署is one of the most stressful events a family can experience, but it is important to remember that military families face a variety of unique stressors. A permanent change of station (PCS) can cause a great deal of stress for families as children adjust to new schools, programs, and friends. Military family members may also work unconventional or long hours when they are home. Remember that issues that affect civilian families affect military families, too: divorce or marital conflict, unemployment for a spouse or partner, and health care needs are just a few of the stressors that can impact any family.

Military life is not all about challenges, though. Military families have a variety of supports that you can help families maximize. Military families are often part of a strong military community. They may live on an installation with other military families, and they may have a group of friends in similar circumstances. They also have access to health-care, mental-health, and advocacy resources through their service or installation. These can be valuable assets for families. Finally, they have access to you - military child care. You understand the families' contexts and can be a valuable source of social support.

部署

在部署期间，许多变化发生在孩子和青年可能无法完全理解的家庭内。狗万app怎么下载关于部署的学习通常对军人家庭有压力，并且没有总是通过所涉及的强烈情绪来计划，组织或工作。儿童和青年可以用困惑，恐惧，悲伤和损失的感觉斗争。幼儿和年龄较大的孩子一样可能会遇到这些情绪，尽管他们可能无法口头表达自己的感受。

工作人员可以通过听一个支持家庭d learning about the ways they are supporting their children through this transition. Staff members can also encourage additional communication and engagement between children and their families. Caring adults can help children by providing words to the emotions surrounding the experience, such as, "I know you are sad and wish Mom was going to be able to stay home with you. Mom loves you. While she's away, Aunt Karina is going to take care of you and keep you safe. You are safe and loved."

Maintaining Connection

当父母准备部署时，他或她可能担心与孩子丢失联系。工作人员可以支持家庭继续满足孩子的需求，并仍然积极参与他们的情感发展。

In preparing for deployment, and while away, the family can be supported in ways that continue to offer sensitivity to the situation. Staff members can create additional opportunities for connection, such as taking or requesting photos of families. Photos can be posted in the program area, or family books can be created for children. Recording stories or messages in the parent's voice is another ongoing source of connection.

回家

Families anxiously await the return of loved ones from deployment. While viewed as a long-awaited and happy occasion, returning home can also bring about anxious feelings and difficulties. Families and caregivers established and maintained daily routines that did not include the deployed family member. The parent returning home may have had experiences that changed her or him in some ways. Helping families prepare for and maintain connection in the return home is just as important as it is to plan for departure. Children and youth will need an opportunity to continue to feel safe and to adjust to the return of a loved one.

Connecting Families

强大的家庭，社区和社交网络可以帮助父母管理筹集幼儿，儿童或青少年的许多任务，而配偶部署或服务于处于活跃义务。工作人员应为军事儿童家属提供信息和支持资源。虽然信息或资源可能适合，并且完全是家庭需求，但家庭周围的情况可能太压倒了他们要接受或学习新的东西。工作人员可以通过承认家庭优势和继续建立信任关系来提供支持。

非军事家庭也可能会受益于拥有类似问题的其他家庭或父母的支持，例如残疾。资源的一个示例是父母，是具有特殊需求的儿童父母的国家计划。有许多本地，州和国家计划可能适用于您的计划中的家庭。您的程序中的家庭也可能启动自己的支持组。如果您的家庭正在经历普通事件，则特别可能是常见事件，例如长期部署，失效或搬迁。通过跟踪您建筑物中系列的需求和请求，您可以帮助团队启动新的家庭支持组的过程。确保您的计划中有一个区域，家庭可以非正式地收集对话和网络。

以下是支持军事家庭的额外方法，根据国家军事家庭协会报告中调查的家庭的建议，该报告关于部署周期：

• 帮助一个家庭在他们对自己和彼此的期望中变得现实。
• Provide families with information about what they can expect before, during, and after deployment, recognizing that every child's response may be different on the basis of age, developmental stage, and temperament.
• Offer ongoing discussions and support to families with regard to return and reunion challenges.
• Remember that families - even those with experience - do not always have the information and support they need.

Crisis Management

Most everyone will experience an unexpected crisis during sometime in their live. During these times, it's critical that concrete supports are readily available. Examples of crisis situations include: natural disasters, domestic violence, substance abuse, mental illness, suicide, trauma, chronic illness, death, or economic hardship. When you or your staff are confronted with a crisis situation, you need to act quickly to get the family the professional services and treatment they need.

One of the best ways to support a family experiencing a crisis is to bring stability and normalcy back into their lives as quickly as possible. In the case of children, the exposure to toxic stress, for example from neglect, parental separation, and incarceration, can create lasting impacts such as a higher risk of early death. When you and your staff are well-trained on crisis management strategies, your program can be a buffer against these long-term impacts and put families and their children on the path to recovery.

In Summary

您的计划是家庭支持的重要来源。从照顾和保持儿童安全，健康，快乐，让家庭学习的机会扩大，在紧急情况下出现紧急情况时，在那里，你就在那里！您在那里提供实力，支持和稳定，一致性，能力和连续性。您的计划将家庭与其他父母联系在一起，以及社区资源。您的计划是家庭福祉的核心。