创建有效的时间表就像将一个喜欢的食谱放在一起。还有一些成分或元素，进入有效的时间表。这些元素的顺序和风格将对每个工作人员都是独一无二的。与一些食谱一样，有灵活性的空间。成分可以根据个体需求进行改变或改编。有效时间表的关键是结构和灵活性（Chung，Gannett，La Perla，2001）。

Across all age groups, a substantial portion of the programming day should be dedicated to free-choice time. Especially in school-age programs, it is important to provide adequate time for children to engage in free-choice, unstructured activities. Most of their school day is highly structured, so this can be an important time to unwind and choose enjoyable activities on their own or with friends.

在大多数项目,某种形式的adult-guided大-group time occurs. In child-development programs, this can be a chance to read stories to the group, discuss the daily schedule, and build classroom community. Although important events can take place at large group, it should be kept short. Young children learn best if group times are 15 to 20 minutes or less (Hemmeter, Ostrosky, Artman, & Kinder, 2008). For infants and toddlers, mandatory adult-directed activities are not developmentally appropriate, however staff members can still offer “a group time” as a way to strengthen their classroom community, asking the children to come together to share songs or ideas (e.g., copying the motions suggested by infants and toddlers; Lang et al., 2010). Infants and toddlers should be able to be active participants during group time, which should be short—5 to 10 minutes. It is appropriate to offer infants and toddlers the choice to engage in this time, and to offer stories, songs, or group activities with an adult and small group of peers at different points throughout the day. In school-age programs, adult-directed activities may be optional and may take a variety of forms: an opportunity to learn how to build model airplanes, a science experiment, or a structured outing. School-age programs may also offer a variety of optional group activities like acting out a play, doing community service work, or playing sports.

Model

您是您程序的经理，因此您有一个独特的机会，可以模拟有效的安排。想想工作人员会议如何组织和管理;与您的培训师或教练一起工作，以确保员工会议反映您的计划对结构性，灵活，计划的承诺。确保工作人员在会议之前收到议程，并且会议总是按时开始和结束。Make sure mechanisms are in place for staff members to share their needs and opinions related to staff meetings (e.g., a space where staff members write ideas or questions on sticky notes to be read at the end of the meeting, or an anonymous feedback box). Also, use the concepts from this lesson when or if you provide group professional development events: Provide a mix of activities, let participants know what the schedule will be (and when restroom breaks and meals are), and be responsive to the feedback participants give you verbally and through body language. If adults look bored, it’s time to make a change.

Provide new staff members with sample schedules they can use as models for creating their own learning experiences for children. Make arrangements for them to visit other classrooms or programs for ideas. Make sure staff members know that they need to communicate their schedules with children and with adults. That is, they will always need to create two schedules: a simple one appropriate for the children in their care and a more detailed schedule for other staff members or families.

Manage

您应该为每个教室和程序都有课堂或计划计划的副本。在您的培训师和教练的帮助下，您应该确保概述的时间表符合您的计划期望（例如，充分的自由选择时间，为婴儿个性化等）。与您的培训师和教练一起工作，以确保员工通常遵循他们创建的时间表，遵守比时钟时间更新。确保每个课堂中概述的时间表与您开发的人员配置计划（在所有课堂工作人员到达之前可能难以在早上开展小组活动）。在您的培训师或教练的帮助下，您可以与工作人员一起进行谈判，以使其单独开发的课堂时间表以及方案的更大的人员配置计划在一起。每个课堂或计划的家庭的典型下降和拾取时间可能会非常略微略微，因此与员工一起使用，看看需要覆盖，或者当您可以再次将教室结合时，对工作人员保持敏感孩子和家庭他们每天都接触。

此外，遵循您的服务运营程序或制定有关员工工作时间和休息的计划标准。请记住，正如儿童在他们的一天需要一些私人时刻，以支持他们的情感监管和生产性的订婚，你的工作人员应该有适当的休息时间来为自己收回一些时刻，以便在重新加入儿童或青年之前收回。对于儿童和工作人员而言，这是重要的，为了确保这些休息发生，正如课程中所讨论的那样，工作人员为他们的休息时间有舒适的空间。

With help from your trainers and coaches, it is also important to find some time in staff members’ weekly schedules for them to do curriculum planning as a classroom or program, or perhaps some time for lead teachers to work on child assessments or portfolios. With the help of your trainers, coaches, substitutes, or perhaps through creative scheduling during nap times (e.g., shifting a staff member to another classroom temporarily), you can give each teaching or caregiving team the time they need to work on curriculum and activity plans for the upcoming week. Scheduling this time sends a strong message that you value staff members as professionals, that you want to give them the time to develop high-quality experiences for the children or youth in their care.

See

日程表和例程的例子

介绍该视频，了解如何在开发中不同点支持儿童的例程和计划。

管理：一系列时间表和常规