What is Curriculum? What is Assessment?

"The curriculum consists of the knowledge, skills, abilities and understandings children are to acquire and the plans for the learning experiences through which those gains will occur."- Developmentally Appropriate Practice in Early Childhood Programs Serving Children from Birth Through Age 8 (2009, p. 20)

评估包括工具和战略工作人员用来了解儿童是否正在发展，实现适合其年龄的能力，并学习新技能。狗万app怎么下载在早期护理计划中，评估工具和策略帮助人员文件的个人进展，以确保每个孩子都进入他/她的目标。评估还向课程通知，因为活动计划和学习经验量身定制对每个孩子的当前发展和目标。狗万app怎么下载您可以通过审查联合立场声明，了解更多关于课程和评估最佳实践的更多信息，我们代表国家幼儿（NAEYC）和国家教育部门的国家幼儿专家协会（NAECS / SDE）附在学习部分的末尾。

儿童和青年参加护理和教育计划应该有各种在智力刺激，吸引力和乐趣的经历。高质量的计划依赖于书面，证据，发展适当的课程作为教师和青年领导人用于计划日常生活和活动的基础。课程应该适合护理人员，教师或青年领导者的儿童年龄。T＆CS义务的一部分是了解在其计划中服务的儿童的适当经验和发展目标。并在他们与计划人员的工作中传达和使用这种知识。您的计划可能选择了用于记录儿童的增长和发展的特定评估，课程和格式，因此在您与计划工作人员合作时，您可以在课程和评估中查看您自己的计划或服务的程序和标准。

Curriculum planning for infants, toddlers and preschoolers is often tied to teachers' observations of children (i.e., a form of assessment), which guides the development of activity plans and learning experiences that help children work toward their individual goals, and is based on their observed interests. The basis for curriculum in school-age and youth programs, however, often looks different. Ensure activities and experiences are designed and developed based on current research and curriculum; for example, activities should be conducted in the following areas: character and leadership development; education and career development; health and life skills; the arts; sports, fitness & recreation; and technology. Children and youth may directly suggest activities or projects they are interested in, and/or activities may be centered around a larger project where there is a defined goal for the group (e.g., creating a community garden, putting on a play, making a model of the human heart).

工作人员将为自己的个人，人才和利益带来与儿童和青年的工作，以丰富课程。可以邀请家庭与孩子课堂上的儿童或青年分享信息，知识和技能。课程应根据特定儿童和青年的利益。对所选择的课程的适应和修改可以在特殊教育支持人员（例如，早期干预者或包容性促进者）或以下与包含和与有特殊需求的儿童相关的服务特定指导方针和政策。T＆CS和计划经理是通过确保工作人员实施课程和任何忠诚的评估方面的领导者。T＆C证明了她或他作为儿童和青年评估，课程和教学领域的领导者的角色。

T＆CS通过以下方式展示了教学领导力：

• 课堂观察（检查计划，材料，常规等环境组成部分）
• 老师观察(使用reflective supervision cycle: pre-observation meeting, classroom observation, and post-observation meeting)
• Participation in teacher planning meetings and other team meetings
• Engagement in problem-solving meetings
• 建模关系的成人儿童互动
• Actively coaching staff when they are implementing new strategies or procedures
• Participation in professional development activities with staff
• 根据工作人员的需求来个性化观察反馈
• Enhancing staff members' knowledge and skills through on-the-job professional development
• 为员工提供资源和information to ensure that the curriculum is appropriate considering culture, language, and ability for all children and youth

The Virtual Laboratory School is designed to help new T&Cs develop competency in these kinds of practices. T&Cs can also continue to strengthen their abilities by partnering with colleagues or seeking mentors, and developing professional relationships where they can ask for feedback and share helpful strategies and resources.

该计划经理通过在课程，评估和指导方面提供领导地位，协助T＆CS。该计划经理确保了必要的资源（例如，课堂，课堂和游乐场用品，材料，设备），并确保这些资源状况良好，适用于环境中的儿童和青年。

The program manager understands that together with the T&Cs, he or she makes intentional decisions to foster a warm, caring community among staff members. A strong sense of community encourages collaboration as program staff work as a team to implement the curriculum. The T&Cs and program manager share relevant information about staff members and also work collaboratively to ensure that staff provide high-quality education and care for all children and youth enrolled in the program.

Observations and Lesson Plan Reviews

T&Cs and program managers demonstrate leadership through planned participative observations in classrooms and continuous review of lesson plans. T&Cs can coach teachers through meaningful environmental and instructional changes with children and youth. A format for classroom and teacher observations may be predetermined for you by your program setting or Service. Ideally teachers or other staff who are being observed should be included in a pre-observation meeting or conference with T&Cs to discuss what will be observed and how the observation will be documented (e.g., video, audio, written notes). The observation should include the teacher's own reflections on practice. T&Cs can carefully construct questions to elicit information regarding the teacher's understanding of the curriculum. When T&Cs and program managers collaborate with the teacher around observation and planning, they acknowledge that this is a collaborative process where the teacher is an active participant in his or her own professional growth. Individual supervision (including observational data and collaborative feedback) can be a powerful way to ensure that teachers increase their knowledge and skills around their practices with children and youth.

The environment is a critical part of instruction (so critical that often the environment is called the third teacher). The environment includes not just furniture, materials, and equipment but also teacher-child interactions. There are a number ofenvironment rating scalesused in early care and education and youth programs. There have also been extensive studies conducted on teacher-child interactions and the impact adult-child interactions have on children's outcomes. A number of studies found theClassroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS)是衡量师生互动质量的有效指标。这些环境评估通常是儿童保育中心、起步和pre-K项目所需的，作为州质量评级和改进系统评估的一部分。T&C和项目经理应该非常熟悉他们选择的观测工具。为了成为教师和儿童的敏锐观察者，培训是至关重要的。

书面教案是另一种让教师参与讨论实践的方式。同样，您使用的设置可能有一种特定的书面计划格式。T&C和项目经理将希望参加计划会议并审查计划，以检查对课程的忠诚度。T&C和项目经理必须首先熟悉其项目的课程流程，以评估员工对材料或内容的利用情况，并制定项目的课程程序。学习使用书面课程和制定完善的教案是一个需要时间和指导的过程。T&C应准备在员工制定课程计划时向他们提供建设性的反馈和建议。活动应该是有意义的，并以儿童和青年的利益为基础。针对婴儿、幼儿和学龄前儿童的计划应包括发展信息，以及计划中的经验和互动如何支持发展。小学年龄的儿童和老年人可以与同龄人和教师一起规划正在进行的项目工作（例如，创建科学实验室，为中世纪节日制作服装和食物等）。当T&C审查新员工的活动计划时，他们应该记得问一些反思性的问题，比如下面列出的问题。这些将有助于T&C评估工作人员对其环境中课程流程的理解，并提供有关如何定制支持的见解。万博体育全站app狗万app怎么下载

• 你本周为您的活动计划提出您的想法在哪里？
• 你认为这些计划将如何帮助每个孩子实现他们的目标？
• What are you hoping the school-age youth will gain from this experience?
• Do you think any modifications might be necessary to ensure all children can engage in this idea?
• 您需要哪些资源来使计划成功？
• Are there ways you could involve families in this activity?

Watch the video below to hear T&Cs and program managers describe how they conduct productive observations and guide direct care staff to create intentional lesson plans.

Program Management: Curriculum Support

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An important part of T&Cs' and program manager's work is staying current with the field of early care and education and youth development. Joining a professional organization (e.g., National Association for the Education of Young Children, Division for Early Childhood of the Council for Exceptional Children, the National After School Association) is an excellent way to receive timely information about what is new in the field. Subscribing to practitioner journals (Teaching Young Children,Exchange)provides short articles that can be shared with staff during a meeting. Websites that contain evidence-based information can be bookmarked.

T&C和项目经理也需要接受评估，并获得专业发展。找一个导师、读书小组、有类似工作的人的社交小组，在那里你可以分享想法，了解这个领域的新闻。当你确保自己的职业发展时，你将成为你的员工和家庭的更好的领导者。