知道

户外环境是物理活动的自然设置。事实上，我们很多人可能更有可能将身体活动与在户外联系起来。当你在公园里走路或在公园里玩游戏时，当你探索自然小径时，或者当你花时间园艺或清理你的后院时，你会散步或在公园里玩游戏时。这些活动可能让您感觉良好，充满活力，甚至恢复活力。

学龄前的户外体育活动万博体育全站app

For preschool children, outdoor physical activity is as important as physical activity inside the classroom. As stated in the Healthy Course, all preschool children should have at least two or three opportunities to play outdoors each day, weather permitting (Caring for our Children, 2011). To help children engage in activity and remain active outside, be sure to include a few adult-led games or activities. The total time a preschooler spends outdoors each day should be at least 60 to 90 minutes. To get the most health benefits, preschool children do not need to be engaged in vigorous physical activities for the entire duration of outdoor time. Children can benefit from short or moderate bursts of activity as these short bursts add up over the course of the day.

Safety First!

As a preschool teacher, your utmost priority is the safety of children in your care. Make sure you familiarize yourself with your program’s safety and security policies. Consider the following recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to help ensure that children are safe outdoors. You may recall some of these from the Preschool Safety Course.

• Follow your program’s policies about inspecting play areas to make sure they are safe. Debris, rocks, water, and other hazards should be removed from play areas.
• Inspect any toys or equipment you use for outdoor play to ensure they are in good condition. Also, make sure you know how to clean and sanitize the equipment properly.
• Be aware of weather conditions and be ready to move children indoors or to a safe area in case of bad weather.
• 鼓励孩子在活动之前，期间和之后喝大量的液体。在温暖的天气中，您应该每30至45分钟为孩子提供每30至45分钟的液体休息。
• Follow your program requirements about sunscreen and insect repellent.
• Make sure children are appropriately dressed for the weather and activities. Communicate with families about any particular dress preferences you may have (e.g., loose-fitting clothing, sneakers). It may be a good idea to remind families that young children often get dirty while playing!
• Have well-stocked first-aid kits available at all times and follow your program’s policies about using them.
• Be aware of your classroom’s or program’s emergency action plan and make sure that staff members working with you are aware of their roles in an emergency situation.

支持在户外的所有学龄前儿童的身体发展万博体育全站app

Consider the following scenario:

Shayla, a child with cerebral palsy, joins your classroom. Shayla uses a wheelchair and can move around in her wheelchair by herself. When you found out that she was joining your classroom, you learned the following facts in Figure-1 about cerebral palsy.

(Figure-1)

• Children with cerebral palsy have difficulties with movement and posture.
• Some children with cerebral palsy may have related conditions such as intellectual disabilities; difficulties with vision, hearing, or speech; or seizures.
• 脑瘫患儿可能增加μscle tone (stiff muscles), decreased muscle tone, or a combination of both, and as a result, their movements can be difficult.

在室外游戏中，教室里的孩子喜欢投掷和抓住橡胶球。Shayla很难抓住球。

您可以使用的是一些适应，以确保Shayla与同龄人参与这种有趣的活动？您可以考虑以下内容：

• Use balls of different sizes and textures.
• If Shayla has a hard time catching, try using deflated balls.
• 如果它落到了索拉拉无法到达的地面上，请在附近拿起球。

在本课程的探索部分中，您将有机会思考并回复上面的其他方案。该Kids Included Together (KIT)程序可以是思想的宝贵资源。你也可以考虑建筑模块和Kara’s Kit。该se resources from the Council for Exceptional Children Division for Early Childhood provide practical, real-world ways to help children succeed in their environments.

See

户外体力活动在幼儿园是什么样的？万博体育全站app你能做些什么来支持幼儿园儿童的体育发展？万博体育全站app这些问题有很多答案。看看这些视频来了解更多并查看示例。

Outdoor Environments and Experiences

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Try some of these ideas when engaging children in outdoor physical activities. Remember that the outdoors can provide numerous opportunities for you to watch children play and gather information about their development.

• Provide a variety of fun activities, such as riding tricycles, playing tag, scavenger hunt games, balancing games, changing direction games, obstacle course, follow the leader, dancing, freeze tag, or parachute games.
• Encourage children to work together to create their own games and activities.
• Include sensory experiences for children and consider bringing some of the examples that were shared in Lesson Three (Supporting Physical Development: Indoor Environments and Experiences) outside your classroom. Encourage children to explore nature around them, the different colors, textures, or shapes of things they see outside.
• 通过加入游戏，跑步，舞蹈，游戏或其他活动，在户外享受体育活动的模型享受。

在户外玩得开心！