你知道吗

走遍任何一家家装店，你都可能一次又一次地看到“安全”这个词。你可以找到安全灯，栅栏，门，锁，窗户，摄像头，警报器，甚至邮箱。为什么安全对我们如此重要？我们都需要在自己的环境中感到安全。我们喜欢灯光明亮的停车场。我们喜欢有明显痕迹的公园。我们寻找能够识别和应对任何危险的地方。

Just like adults, children need environments that help them feel secure. Children depend on adults to meet their basic needs for food, water, shelter, and clothing. They also depend on us to protect them from harm. Feeling safe allows children to build relationships, become confident, and meet their potential (Maslow, 1943, 1945). We cannot expect children to learn if they do not feel safe.

As staff members, safety is our first priority. The Virtual Lab School offers a variety of learning experiences to help you think about and reflect on safety. This course will help you understand what safety is about in preschool, the significance of providing safe indoor and outdoor environments for children’s development and learning, and the ways in which you can design safe environments and experiences for children and families in your classroom and program. Upcoming lessons will also cover topics such as:

• Providing safe toys and materials
• 维持安全的成人与儿童比率
• 室内外监督问责
• 讲授安全规则
• 学龄前儿童的安全睡眠万博体育全站app
• 儿童虐待预防、鉴定和报告
• 应急准备
• 应对伤害
• Special considerations for trips away from your program
• 车辆安全

See

What do safe environments look like for young children? We can think about this question in three ways. We can think about our facilities. We can think about how we arrange and organize our classrooms within the facilities. And we can think about the condition of the materials in the environment. This lesson will focus on facilities and classrooms. You will learn about materials in the next lesson.

首先，我们为儿童提供安全设施。您的儿童发展中心的设计考虑到了安全性。

观看此视频了解更多有关保护儿童和员工安全的设施。

接下来，我们思考一下我们组织材料的方式。作为一名幼儿教师，你的大部分工作都涉及到保护孩子们在室内外的安全。考虑到孩子的发展需要来安排你的空间将有助于保证他们的安万博体育全站app全。

Watch this video to learn important ways to promote safety in your classroom.

Arranging Your Environment

下面列出了安全学习环境的一些特征：狗万app怎么下载

• Low, open shelving will promote independence and prevent toys from falling on children.
• Labeled shelves will encourage children to clean up after themselves, which will in turn prevent abandoned toys from becoming tripping hazards.
• 明确界定的兴趣区域将促进参与，并创建清晰的交通模式，防止奔跑和碰撞。
• 各种各样的材料可以让孩子们保持专注，而不是花时间在不适当的跑步、跳跃或攀爬上。

See Learning Environments course for more information.

最后，我们必须考虑材料在室内和室外的环境条件。“关爱我们的孩子”建议在孩子被允许玩耍之前寻找并纠正这些问题：

1. 零件丢失或损坏
2. 螺母和螺栓突出
3. 油漆生锈、剥落或剥落
4. 锋利的边缘、碎片和粗糙的表面
5. 扶手稳定性
6. Visible cracks
7. Stability of non-anchored large play equipment (e.g., playhouses)
8. 磨损和变质
9. 损坏或磨损的电气装置或电线

In many settings, your playground may be used by the community at night, or perhaps your program shares a community park. Even if your playground is protected by a fence, it is still possible that hazardous materials could find their way onto the playground. Before you take children outside, you must be vigilant about inspecting the playground each day. Look for:

1. 玻璃碎片，烟头，垃圾，建筑用品
2. 动物粪便和其他异物
3. 覆盖物太薄
4. 积水、冰或雪
5. 表面太热或太冷，儿童无法安全接触
6. 可能造成伤害的自然物体：尖锐的岩石、树桩、树根、树枝
7. 不安全的昆虫：蚁丘、蜂巢或黄蜂巢
8. Ditches, holes, wells, traps
9. 裸露的电力线或公用设备

记得检查运动表面的温度。金属或塑料滑梯、工作台和浇注混凝土表面可能会变得非常热和非常冷。检查表面是否因温度变化或水损坏而产生裂缝。

做

了解保护儿童安全的重要性，了解安全的环境是什么样的，这是为儿童创造安全学习空间的第一步。由你来确保你的环境is安全。在孩子们到达之前和他们在场的时候，你可以做几件事来保护他们的安全。

孩子们到达之前

你应该从仔细检查室内和室外游乐区和设备开始每一天。这将有助于防止受伤和事故。关于安全玩具和材料的下一课包括更多关于安全检查的信息。

当孩子们在场时

持续的监督是防止伤害的最好工具。学龄前儿童很活跃，也很好奇，但情况很快就会变得不安全。积极的监督是保证儿童安全的关键。主动万博体育全站app监督包括扫描、预测和评估。这包括穿过室内或室外空间，扫描儿童和环境中的危险，预测潜在的危险，并对环境进行必要的改变。安全的装备和游戏空间很重要，但没有什么能取代主动监督。作为负责任的护理者，您应确保：

• Spills are cleaned up immediately: Store towels near the art and water play areas to facilitate clean up.
• Children are encouraged to clean up after themselves: Before moving onto a new area, teach children to clean up the toys they were playing with. This will prevent falls and tripping hazards.
• Spaces are clearly defined for play materials: Clearly mark areas where children may build with blocks or spread out dramatic play props. Teach children to respect these boundaries. Also, work with children to establish class guidelines for how tall structures may be.

Although you can never prevent all accidents, taking these simple steps will help minimize serious risks to children.

完成本课程

有关本课程的更多信息以及随附的学习、探索和应用课程中提供的资源和活动列表，请访问学前安全环境万博体育全站app课程指南.

请注意，每节课结束时的参考资料和资源部分概述了参考资料和资源，以查找有关所涵盖主题的其他信息。当你完成课程时，你不需要复习所有的在线参考资料。但是，如果您有兴趣，或应培训师、教练或管理员的要求，欢迎您进一步探索这些资源。