所有种族，文化，种族，年龄，性别和能力的人都应在课堂玩具和材料中同样地均当代表。有时，常见的刻板印象和概括潜入我们的材料或程序设置无疑。花一些时间在教室或节目设置中查看书籍和材料。对于此活动，您将分析课堂上的学龄儿童书籍。然后，您将使用本指南来决定特定书是否具有任何常见的刻板印象或广泛的概括，以便可以删除和/或更换它们。最后，您将讨论如何抵消这些问题。

Tour your Classroom or Program Library

Omissionoccurs when a particular group of people are not represented at all in your library or program. Look at your collection of books as a whole and answer these questions:

1. Do you see images of people from a variety of racial and ethnic groups? List the racial and ethnic groups you see:
2. Are any of the books in a language other than English? Do any characters in the books speak a language other than English? List how many books you found:
3. Do you see images of different social or economic classes (i.e., range of occupations, incomes, lifestyles)? Describe the evidence you see:
4. Do you see different family structures? Check the structures you see:

   • Grandparents as primary guardians
   • Single parents
   • Same sex families
   • Extended families (aunts, uncles, cousins)
   • Divorced parents
   • Blended families (remarriage, step parents)
   • Multi-racial families

5. Choose a School-Age Children's book

   Choose one school-age children’s book that has human or human-like characters. Fairy tales are especially good for this activity. Be sure to include the book title, author, and year published.

6. Look at the illustrations:

   • Do you see any over-simplified pictures of a particular group or stereotypical images? For example, are overweight people shown on a couch with food? Are Asian people drawn in stereotypical ways (I.e., with slanted eyes and/or traditional clothing? Are teachers or librarians drawn with a stern look (or with eye glasses and their hair in a bun)? Are boys rowdy and getting into trouble?
   • Are all people drawn the same (i.e., are all people drawn with the same facial and body features)? Do all people of a certain race or group look the same?
   • Are the traits of characters based on stereotypes or generalizations about particular races, cultures, or genders? For example, are women or people of color portrayed as subservient or passive?
   • Are males and females equally represented in leadership roles?
   • Are people of color shown in places other than urban areas (i.e., outside the “barrio” or inner city)?

   Use this space to list any notes:

7. Look at the story line:

   • Are successful characters only represented by a particular group or are people of various races, genders, ages and abilities portrayed as successful?
   • Do people of color or female characters have to be extraordinary to succeed?
   • Are characters of all races and ethnicities represented as problem solvers or are these characters limited to a specific race?
   • Are minorities considered to be the problem?
   • Are female character’s achievements based on their looks (i.e., the princess “wins” the prince because she is so beautiful)? Are positive female characters “beautiful” while negative female characters are “ugly”? Are females afraid of mice, spiders, snakes, etc.? Are females rescued by males?
   • Are the family structures usually traditional (mom, dad, children)?
   • Are depictions of lifestyles authentic?

   Use this space to list any notes:

8. Think about the heroine and/or heroes:

   • 英雄或女士们所钦佩的是什么特征？它是美丽，勇敢，大脑吗？
   • Do the heroines or heroes avoid conflict with certain groups of people?

   Use this space to list any notes:

9. 想想孩子的自我评价:

   • 这本书是否限制了孩子的梦想或表达？例如，亚洲儿童被描绘成安静和书籍吗？超重的人表现为懒惰还是沉闷？运动员是否被视为“愚蠢的傻瓜”？贫穷的人表现为肮脏？
   • Does the book associate the color white with purity, cleanliness, etc. and the color black with evil, dirtiness, etc.?

   Use this space to list any notes:

10. 看看洛杉矶nguage:

    这本书有令人反感的单词吗？寻找像“野蛮”或“懒惰”的单词。寻找像消防员这样的性别话语（可以使用消防员）。

    Use this space to list any notes:

11. Think about the book's message:

    When critically examining your current book selection or even choosing new books, always keep in mind the power of books, their words and their images, to nurture or to undermine a child’s sense of self, positive attitude toward others, and motivation to act for fairness.

    Review your notes in this activity. Reflect on the books that may have some of these common stereotypes or biases and brainstorm how you can counter these issues in your program. Use this space to list any notes: