Know

Consider the ways you have communicated today. Did you have a conversation, send a text, or write a note? Maybe you smiled and said “Hello” to your neighbor or waved goodbye to a family member. Did you watch the news or read the newspaper before heading to work? You may have checked your email or visited a social networking site. You could have done some or all of those things before even going to work. What about when you arrived at work? You may have shared information with coworkers, made notes for family members, or given instruction to children and youth. Did you check any information boards or familiarize yourself with the daily schedule? There are many forms of communication that we use on a daily basis to share and gather information and to express our thoughts and feelings to others.

As we grow and develop, our ability to communicate is strengthened. Think about the difference in a child’s ability to communicate versus an adult’s. Can you remember what it was like to be a child and not be able to make your point understood or tell your family member or teacher what you needed? Chances are this felt very frustrating. This frustration is why children and youth often resort to nonverbal forms of communication such as crying, hitting, or acting out.

学龄儿童和青少年正在继续发展和加强他们的沟通技巧。他们正在学习适当的狗万app怎么下载方式分享信息并表达他们的思想和感受，以及负责收集和分享他们生活所必需的信息。

What is Communication?

有效的沟通不仅仅是信息交流;这是关于了解信息背后的情绪。全国专业教学标准委员会将沟通定义为“人类使用的工具，以满足其身体，社会，情感需求”（2012年，第27页）。有效沟通的目标是在思维和思维之间找到平衡feeling. This balance involves conveying your thoughts without letting the emotion behind the message take over.

有效的沟通涉及品种技能，包括非语言通信，积极的聆听，情感意识和管理压力的能力。可以通过口语，以及通过面部表情，手势，动作，姿势和触摸来实现通信。图片，图像和书面符号是通信的手段。无论方法，有效的沟通都可以帮助支持和改进关系，团队合作，决策和解决问题。据研究人员罗伯特·斯蒂尔曼和Ellin Siegel-Changy（1989），人们因不同的原因沟通：

• 影响另一个人的行为
• To offer information
• 传达思想和感受
• 为了与某人互动的纯粹社会理由

Communication is a vital part of nearly everything we do in our lives, both personally and professionally. We communicate in a variety of ways on a daily basis with the goal of being understood and understanding others. The main categories of communication are:

• Spoken or Verbal Communication: This category of communication uses oral language to share information or express feelings and thoughts. Examples of verbal communication include participating in a conversation or giving instructions.
• Nonverbal Communication: This is how we express our feelings and thoughts and share information without using spoken language. Examples of nonverbal communication are body language, gestures, facial expressions, touch, and the use of images.
• 书面沟通：这类通信使用书面语言来表达我们的感受和思想或共享信息。书面通信的例子已发布迹象，字母或电子邮件，标签和创意写作。
  • 电子通信是一种书面通信。电子通信的示例正在发送和接收电子邮件和短信，并使用社交网站分享信息或表达我们的感受和思想。

Effective Communication

作为一名学龄员工，您将定期与家庭，儿童和青年，同事，学校代表和社区成员沟通。重要的是要知道何时使用正式或非正式通信方法，并且在每个设置中适用，以有效地分享信息或表达自己。

Examples of formal communication are:

• 计划会议或会议。当会议或会议计划与家庭，儿童，学校代表或其他专业人员，应使用正式的通信方法。准备是正式沟通的重要组成部分，您需要预先收集必要的信息，以便您可以在正在讨论的主题上讨论。
• 书面形式。可能需要填写表格或写一封信。示例可能包括事件报告，证书或奖励。您可以使用表格来记录事件或记录您与家庭的会议或对话。要完成此任务，您必须确保您有准确的信息。检查您的计划策略以确定您是否需要在完成之前获得主管批准的正式书面沟通部分。
• 活动规划。规划活动将成为您作为学龄工作人员的角色的另一个函数。在规划活动时，可以进行研究，收集信息，头脑风暴和使用可用资源非常重要。这被认为是正式的沟通，因为它是以将以与他人显示和共享的形式构建的，计划和呈现。
• 活动展示。给气的演讲ldren and families is also a formal method of communication. You should plan and organize your information in a way that allows you to effectively and clearly communicate your plan or topic.
• Flyers or outreach materials. You may need to communicate with children, youth, and families about upcoming events. Flyers and announcements should be professional, attractive, and free of errors. Check with your program’s policy to determine if you need to have any formal written communication pieces approved by your supervisor prior to completion.

非正式沟通的例子是：

• 与家庭，儿童和青年或其他专业人士的意外谈话。这些对话将弥补与儿童，青年和家庭的大部分沟通。他们是无意义的，自然发生。这些谈话可能是关于即将到来的事件的日期或简要提醒的友好交流。
• A note to families. Sometimes you may need to write a quick note to a family. This can be considered an informal form of communication. Examples of this may be reminding families to bring program materials for their child or about upcoming events.

作为一名学龄员工，您需要知道何时使用正规和非正式的沟通方法。重要的是要知道非正式谈话是否应该成为正式会议或会议。如果家庭成员或儿童开始对敏感主题的对话或解决事件或情况的私人事件，将对谈话移动到私人的地方很重要。例如，如果父母在游乐场监督儿童和青年时，并且希望讨论最近的事件的担忧，您不应该继续进行那种对话。您应该在不久的将来建立一个时间，坐下来与家人讨论他们的担忧。这将允许您在您的照顾中继续正确监督儿童和青少年，并使谈话主题私密，并为会议做好准备。

沟通和学龄儿童发展

语言是我们如何沟通和发展沟通技巧的核心。这使得沟通成为孩子发展的关键部分，特别是他们的认知和社交技能。沟通技巧在我们创造关系和参与社会或学术活动的方式中发挥作用。此外，它们与我们的自尊相关联。

As children and youth develop, their communication skills are typically assessed by families, teachers, and pediatricians in four components or domains. These are:

• Listening
• Speaking
• Reading
• Writing

These four areas will be used to make sure that children and youth are on track with their cognitive and social development. In a later lesson, you will be provided with more details about these four categories and how school-age children and youth develop their communication skills throughout the years.

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Being a positive role model for school-age children and youth is an important part of your job. Listen as these staff members discuss how modeling effective communication can help children and youth express themselves in positive ways.

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学龄儿童和青年仰视你，他们从你的沟通中学习了很多。作为一名学龄工作人员，您可以支持学龄计划中沟通技巧的最佳方式之一是反思您的沟通方式。定期反思将帮助您了解如何沟通，并使您为学龄儿童和青年提供更强大的模型。

• 想想你在日常生活中沟通的方式。您是否通过提醒接触并积极倾听有效的沟通技巧？如果没有，现在是时候关注如何进行通信和根据需要进行更改的时间。
• What types of communication methods do you use? Are you using formal and informal communication as appropriate? Can you think of a time you had a public conversation that should have been private? Think about how you communicate with children, families, coworkers, and other people in your life.
• What kinds of changes have you noticed in your own communication skills over the years? Have you become a stronger communicator since you were a school-age child? Do you shy away from communication and rely on emailing and texting instead of face-to-face communication? Are you more comfortable speaking in front of or addressing large groups?
• How has technology played a role in the way you communicate? Do you participate in social networking and other digital forms of communication?

Thinking about these points on a regular basis will help you reflect on your own communication style and build upon your skills. Take the time to reflect on this regularly and note the changes you see in yourself. If you tend to shy away from direct communication, challenge yourself to engage in more face-to-face conversations. Now is the perfect time to work on your own communication skills so that you can be a good role model for school-age children.

Completing this Course

有关该课程的预期，通信和语言开发的更多信息Competency Reflection以及在整个课程中提供的随附的学习，探索和应用资源和活动列表，参观学龄阶段通信和语言开发Course Guide。

Please note the References & Resources section at the end of each lesson outlines reference sources and resources to find additional information on the topics covered. As you complete lessons, you are not expected to review all the online references available. However, you are welcome to explore the resources further if you have interest, or at the request of your trainer, coach, or administrator.