Know

想想你所属的社区类型。您的家人，朋友群，同事和邻居都代表了你是部分的不同社区。在每个社区中，你展示了尊重他人，接受他人的差异，具有骄傲，成就或能力的感觉。通常，您需要与其中一个群体的成员一起工作，以实现目标或解决问题。很多次，作为一个团体的一部分，有助于你对自己感到充满信心并建立健康的自尊心。对于孩子们来说，学龄计划将代表一位同行社区。作为一名学龄工作人员，您将负责在学龄学习环境中创造一个社区感。狗万app怎么下载

A Sense of Community: What Is It?

The emotional climate of a learning environment should be a core value of the school-age program. To create a sense of community in the learning environment, there must be:

Caring Relationships in the Learning Environment

一个狗万app怎么下载具有强烈社区感的学习环境是孩子们感到安全的人，有积极的关系，并且可以自由探索和学习。然而，创造一个社区感并不是你可以在一夜之间达到的东西。孩子们需要相信你，其他工作人员及其同龄人真正觉得他们属于。因此，在学习环境中，您所做的一切和皆宜的事情。狗万app怎么下载孩子们正在观看你与其他孩子和成人互动的方式。他们正在观看你的肢体语言，听取你的语气。构建具有强烈社区感受的学习环境的关键是您的言狗万app怎么下载语和行动。一些例子是：

Safety and Structure In The Learning Environment

Children also need the safety and structure of a learning community so that they can take risks and continue to grow and develop. As a school-age staff member, you can ensure the environment is safe by following all safety procedures and guidelines. Establishing routines, patterns and expected practices is also a way to help children feel safe in their environment. You can do this by establishing a daily routine and publishing it so children know the expectations and what is coming next. When surprises and transitions are limited, children will feel more comfortable in the environment. For more information on a safe learning environment, you can refer to the Safety course.

Safety in the learning environment means more than just the physical space; it’s a place where children can grow emotionally as well. Children should feel safe enough to share their feelings or take risks, such as making a new friend or trying a new sport. For children to feel safe from emotional harm there needs to be expectations in place to maintain a kind and caring environment. For example:

• 为欺凌创建零容忍策略。孩子们必须觉得他们可以本身就是没有被欺骗的恐惧。如果您看到或听到欺凌，则重要的是您尽快停止局面，并遵循您的计划对欺凌的指导方针。有关欺凌的更多信息如下。您也可以参考欺凌Resource Listattached to this course for additional information and resources.
• Institute an ongoing program that motivates children to be kind to another. Many schools and education centers have programs that encourage children to be kind to others every single day. An example of this is the Fill Your Bucket program, which invites children to express kindness and lead a happy life by filling their bucket with kind things that they do for others or themselves. Programs like these teach respect and positive self-esteem.
• Model respectful behaviors. Children will watch you and learn from your behaviors. It is important that you always behave the way you want the children to behave. Be mindful of your actions, reactions and interactions with others. Always show respect to others and speak in a kind and positive manner.

欺凌

According to the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, “bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves real or perceived power imbalance. The behavior is repeated, or has the potential to be repeated, over time.” Children and youth who bully others, or are victims of bullying, are at risk for other problems, which may impact them in adulthood. For example, children who are bullied are more likely to experience depression or anxiety, health issues, and decreased academic engagement and achievement. Children who bully are more likely to vandalize property, get into fights, and drop out of school, and abuse alcohol or drugs in adolescence or adulthood. Hence the identification and prevention of bullying is important for children’s current and future wellbeing.

有不同类型的欺凌：

• 口头：saying or writing mean things. This can include name-calling, taunting, threats to cause harm, and inappropriate sexual comments.
• 社会或关系：hurting someone’s relationships or reputation. This can include spreading rumors about someone, embarrassing them, and leaving someone out on purpose.
• 身体的：hurting a person’s body or a person’s belongings. This can include taking or breaking someone’s things, hitting, spitting, or pushing.
• Cyber:使用电子技术进行的欺凌。这可能包括谣言发布在社交网站上，假装个人资料，令人尴尬的图片或视频，或均值短信或电子邮件。

Visit stopbullying.gov to learn more about how to

• 防止欺凌：http://www.stopbullying.gov/prevention/at-school/index.html
• Respond to bullying:http://www.stopbullying.gov/respond/index.html.
• Teach children and youth ways they can respond to bullying, as victims or witnesses:http://www.stopbullying.gov/kids/what-you-can-do/index.html

Boundaries and Expectations

Children can thrive when they feel safe and confident in their environment. It is important to set clear boundaries and achievable expectations for school-age children. According to the Council on Accreditation’s After School and Youth Development Standards, methods to create boundaries for school-age programs include, but are not limited to, the following:

• Time is set aside to discuss behavior expectations in a way that children and their families can understand.
• 工作人员和儿童共同努力，为所有人提供有意义的期望。
• Staff members set realistic limits appropriate to the developmental level of children in the program.
• All children are expected to follow the same set of expectations.
• Appropriate limits are set to keep children free from harm and prevent children from hurting each other verbally or physically.

See

Social-Emotional Development: The Environment

Do

Developing a sense of community in a school-age learning environment will take some time, and won’t happen without hard work. You will need to:

• Be consistent and fair when resolving conflicts and communicating behavior expectations.
• 与所有孩子培养积极的关系。
• 坚持欺凌的零容忍政策。
• Reinforce positive behaviors and institute a program that encourages acts of kindness.
• 模型适当的行为和社交技能。
• 对你的工作感到兴奋和兴趣。

Remember that children are always watching and listening to what you are doing and saying. Be the best role model you can be. Stay positive and always be kind when interacting with others. If you make a mistake, do not be afraid to admit it. Children need to see how you react if things don’t go as planned. You will set the tone for the environment—be sure it is a positive one.