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Family Engagement: What Is It?

你对家庭合作的感受是什么？你喜欢什么？看似困难的是什么？虽然您可能会感到有动力发展与家庭的关系并支持家庭参与，但很常见的是侧重于与儿童和工作人员的直接互动。结合这些实践似乎似乎似乎似乎很简单。

家庭参与对不同的人有不同的含义。在许多情况下，它涉及您的计划和家庭之间的持续伙伴关系。儿童发展和学龄计划致力于以有意义的方式参与和涉及家庭，家庭致力于积极支持孩子的学习和发展。狗万app怎么下载家庭参与周围的文献突出了以下特征：

• 教师，家庭和社区之间的强大，信任关系
• Recognition, respect, and support for families’ needs, as well as differences
• Strength-based partnership where decisions and responsibility are shared
• 活动，互动和支持增加家庭参与他们孩子的健康发展
• 家庭对孩子的学习负责狗万app怎么下载
• 致谢，家庭参与对家庭和早期护理和学习计划有意义，有利于狗万app怎么下载

重要的是要意识到家庭参与可以看起来不同，并采取多种形式。什么家庭参与手段和看起来依赖于独特的特征和个人舒适程度和对每个家庭的理解。

为了帮助确保家庭致力于他们的孩子的学习并从事儿童发展和学龄方案，应邀请家庭参加他们觉得最舒适的水平。狗万app怎么下载参与是否为每月会议或参加父母咨询委员会？（并与所有父母共享的母公司咨询委员会会议纪要？）参与意味着捐赠饼干的烘焙销售吗？和班级一起去实地考察？对于家庭来说，对于他们所能做的方式并选择参与和参与 - 将他们的孩子每天携手共同分享他们的担忧或在委员会任职时，这是非常重要的。

家庭参与的重要性

家庭订婚可以通过各种方式使儿童，父母，家庭，教师和计划质量受益。你能记得你家人，社区或学校的关怀成年人如何帮助你发展和发展？

家庭是他们的孩子的第一位教师，他们对他们的幼儿的发展有着强大的影响。在生命的第一年的家庭参与可以支持孩子对学校和持续的学术和终身成功的准备。研究表明，当孩子们涉及父母时，结果是非常积极的，特别是长期（2002年新的证据浪潮）。

当家庭参与您的课程时，他们也可能觉得更归属于那里发生的事情，更能力在父母的角色中。通过这些互动和关系，家庭可以学习促进家庭发展和学习的额外策略。狗万app怎么下载这种策略包括扩大儿童的语言，遵循他们孩子的领导，帮助家庭作业，或平静地应对挑战的行为。

Including Families in Your Programs

在儿童发展和学龄计划中包括父母和家庭有很多理由。家庭通常对儿童的发展产生最大的影响。家庭参与与儿童的积极成果相关联，包括儿童发展，态度和行为的更好的结果。此外，家庭参与学校可以帮助改善学校计划，学校环境和教师（Hanson＆Lynch，2004; Turnbull，Turnbull，Erwin，＆Soodak，2006）。

儿童在家庭单位内发展，对每个孩子都有不同。由于孩子的整个家庭可以影响他/她的发展，因此重要的是考虑承认的方法，并在您的计划中包含不同的家庭类型。在整个这一系列的课程中，我们使用这个词familyto refer to important people in children’s lives. These people can be parents, siblings, guardians, extended family members such as aunts or cousins, and other individuals who are involved in children’s lives.

Relationships With Families

Think about a relationship you have with someone special and how it developed. What is it about this person (their characteristics and their actions) that supported your relationship development? Was this person upbeat, consistent, flexible, respectful, a good listener, reliable, honest? Some of these same characteristics and supportive interactions can lead to positive, trusting relationships with families.

要有效地与家庭建立关系，您必须帮助工作人员反思他们对家庭的想法。您可以花时间与他们一起思考自己的家庭和家庭关系的重要性和影响。例如，请求工作人员反映出问题，“What messages did I receive about relationships from my family and culture?”“Do I build relationships and interact with others in the same way important adults interacted and behaved with me when I was a child (e.g. playful, joking, patient, honest, cautious)?“

通过首先理解自己，工作人员可以更好地认识到家庭在其他人的生活中的重要性，并创造一个不同价值观和传统受到尊重和尊重的环境。

The next step is helping classroom staff get to know the families of children. Understanding families will help the staff build relationships. Each family brings a variety of experiences, such as education, health, and skill levels. Families structures also vary; birth, blended, kinship, partnership, adopted and foster families are represented in many programs. Staff should actively get to know the family members in the child’s life.

Some families will be open and willing to share information about themselves; however, you will find that other families will be more private. You must help staff members convey two important messages to families: (a) we respect your decision to share information with us about your family practices and (b) we accept your family practices. This will help families feel that your program values them and their practices.

您可以与工作人员一起工作，以建立强大的关系，支持一致地分享基于力量的信息，了解儿童的发展和学习进度。狗万app怎么下载例如，帮助工作人员学会与她的家人分享有关小孩的积极信息：“三位一体今天在我问和她帮助拿起所有街区时使用了清洁篮！”

您还可以确保家庭有权访问，并提供可理解，有意义，特定于自己的孩子的发展信息。考虑通过定期沟通，贷款图书馆，定期通讯或其他此类通信策略与家庭分享信息的尊重方式。第三课，与家庭沟通, will offer additional information and ideas for sharing developmental information with families.

Family engagement starts by meeting families where they are and engaging them in interactions and experiences they choose and that feel most comfortable to them. When families have trusting, consistent, and responsive relationships with others (such as community members, service providers, caregivers, teachers), they are more likely to have positive relationships with their children. In essence, if you think of yourself in partnership with families, you will be attuned with family-centered practice that you learned about in lesson one. The benefits are rewarding!

Children are born into families 当您专注于家庭时，优化婴儿和幼儿的学习和发展。狗万app怎么下载

家庭有不同的优势和技能 When they share what they know, everyone benefits.

家庭为他们的婴儿或幼儿有目标 Sometimes these goals may differ.

模型

模型Welcoming Families

Begin by thinking about what it might mean for families and new parents to consider your program for their child. Families often experience uncertainties and feel scared when seeking a child development or school-age program for their child. You can do the following to help staff members support families during this sensitive time:

• Invite families tovisit在孩子开始日期之前。出席有关该计划课程和编程的问题。
• 鼓励工作人员将家庭发送个人欢迎笔记，以便在该计划中的每个孩子送一个个人欢迎笔记。提供静止，并确保工作人员有受保护的时间来写出笔记。
• 关于如何与家人共享信息participate in the program. Work with management and a family advisory group to brainstorm ways families might enjoy being involved.
• Provide tools or mechanisms for staff members to ask families about their child’s例行，优势，兴趣，喜欢和不喜欢。
• 了解您的计划中使用的家用语言，并帮助员工了解key words and phrasesto use in the program.
• 调查有关他们的家庭通信偏好。与管理层一起工作，以确保为更喜欢这些方法的家庭维护更新的电子邮件通信列表或电话树。
• Maintain afamily bulletin board借助关于当前计划活动，即将举行的会议和活动以及家庭感兴趣的社区机会。
• 展示照片of children and their families in program spaces– hang them on the wall where they can be seen or in durable photo books that children can hold and explore in the lobby.

模型Encouraging Families to Be Involved

Families want to be included and involved in child development and school-age programs. There are a number of ways to encourage and support family participation, such as:

• Inviting family members to share special talents (e.g., play an instrument, read a book, sing, engage in an art activity)
• Offering family members jobs (e.g., help repair broken toys, create books or special photo albums)
• Inviting families to observe their children with you or staff members
• 要求家庭根据他们的优势和利益帮助计划他们的选择
• Creating and sending out a short survey to families asking about their ideas and suggestions for ways they might like to participate
• Scheduling opportunities for families to join their children breakfast, lunch, or snack
• Encouraging families to share suggestions or concerns with you

在您的计划中，应该有一个特定的计划在全年中如何聘请家庭。虽然家庭的参与是自愿的，但通过积极鼓励参与，您的工作是您的工作。计划活动应反映家庭的利益并激励他们参加。此外，您的计划可能有一个家庭参与委员会。本委员会由鼓励沟通和参与加强和支持儿童和家庭福祉的目标的家庭成员组成。本委员会是您计划的资源和资产，因为家庭可能会讨论问题或疑虑，并建议改善家庭满意度和参与的变化。与工作人员和管理层合作，促进家庭参与。

模型Self-Reflection

为了有效地与各种背景中的个人工作，您必须评估自己的信仰和潜在偏见。使用应用部分中的资源开始此自反映。反思你的朋友和熟人的圈子。您是否经常与来自不同文化，背景和经验的人进行互动？你拥抱儿童和青年周围的人的好奇心吗？反思您在该计划和社区中的行为。您是否尊重所有儿童，青年和家庭？当您身边的人与您不同的人时，您的行为是否会发生变化？您是否赞美儿童，青年和员工，为表现出同情和尊重的行为？

模型Respectful Information Gathering & Sharing

家庭通常有信息分享他们的孩子。如果您无法亲自收集这些信息，您可以鼓励员工向家庭提出以下内容：

• Relationships with other family members
• Family routines and practices
• 课堂外或计划之外的重要家庭活动

For young children, you might also encourage staff members to ask:

• How the child can be comforted
• 孩子如何受例程的影响和常规变化
• Does the child have any fears

对于年龄较大的儿童和青年，您可能会鼓励员工向家庭提出：

• 他们的思想，信仰或对友谊和约会的担忧
• 他们认为随着孩子的增长，他们认为的独立性是多少

可以使用非正式和正式对话，家庭教师会议或结构形式收集此信息。在对话期间，询问开放式问题是鼓励家庭分享重要信息的好方法。一些例子是，“你希望我们了解你的家庭，可能有助于我们与您的孩子一起工作吗？”或者“您希望我们要了解哪些家庭传统或庆祝活动？”对于更私人可能不舒适分享此信息的私人的家庭，仔细观察儿童和家庭互动将提供有用的信息。一对一对话可能适用于不舒适的共享信息的家庭。您还可以鼓励员工请求家庭在年初填写一份表格。课堂工作人员是否收集来自家庭的特定信息，您必须帮助他们将不同的家庭经验整合到课堂惯例中。孩子应该被介绍他们对大量家庭差异的经验和学习机会包围。狗万app怎么下载

You must also be prepared to help staff members share information with families respectfully. This will be covered in more depth in the next lesson.

模型尊重语言和互动

You can also model inclusive, respectful language. You should:

• 使用显示尊重家庭的语言。避免可能羞辱家庭的语言。例如，避免将生物父母称为“真正的妈妈”或“真实爸爸”。
• Answer questions about differences honestly.
• Speak up if you hear disrespectful language or broad overgeneralizations about groups of people or families. Simply saying, “Why do you say that?” or “What makes you think that?” can open a conversation and build opportunities for reflection.

模型尊重的事件和编程

您的计划提供的课程和编程可以帮助所有家庭感到欢迎。鼓励工作人员联系家庭。鼓励编程包括：

• 展示或参与文化庆祝活动或事件。
• 将材料从课堂和程序中的不同文化中的纳入其中。来自世界各地的乐器，服装，面料，艺术或玩具可以增加兴趣和荣誉差异。
• Involving families in events. Invite families to share skills, talents, interests, or cultural traditions.

观察

Now that you have heard about the importance of engaging families, take some time to reflect on how that actually looks in your work. Read these three vignettes. The vignettes represent the range of ages you might support in a child development or school-age program. Think about what you would say and do to support the family and the staff member.