Think about how you manage situations in which you are faced with changes, such as moving to a new town or starting a new job. Having access to good resources can help you organize your life and meet your needs. Finding information about areas of interest or concern to you enables you to learn new things, address concerns, develop a plan of action, and deal with situations that may have otherwise been stressful and difficult to manage without the help of resources. Bouncing back from challenges is known as “resilience.” You can help staff members and families develop resilience by adopting an approach known as the Strengthening Families Protective Factors Framework.

Teach

The Center for the Study of Social Policy has developed the Strengthening Families Protective Factors Framework. Originally designed as a framework to prevent child abuse and neglect, the Protective Factors can be a useful way to approach all of your work with families. It is important to understand this framework because it can help you see that the high-quality, family-centered work that you do every day in your program makes a difference in the lives of children and families. Our job is not only to care for each child but also to provide care and support for the whole family. The Strengthening Families Protective Factors framework gives us tools and ideas to support families.

Watch this video to learn more about the Protective Factors.

加强家庭

Model

当他们需要帮助访问信息以帮助导航他们的情况时，家庭到处都会在他们的生活中经历时代。你可能只是他们寻求帮助的人！一个家庭成员可能有一个问题或疑虑，您可能会被要求提供关于各种主题的信息，建议或建议，例如儿童发展，具有挑战性的行为，识字，以及校外活动，社区连接，医疗保健提供者等等。有时您可能有答案，有时您可能需要搜索答案。最重要的是，如果家庭成员股份需要或与您关注，尊重他或她的隐私。

具体支持Times of Need

家庭需要的资源可能范围从informational books to health-care services to family support groups. The first step in providing resources to families is to know what a family needs. Some family members may ask you or staff members directly about resources; however, staff members should be aware that some families have needs although they do not share them. There are many reasons a family might not share their needs, for example pride or embarrassment might make them hesitant to talk. To ensure all families are aware of these resources, use a universal education approach. This means you let all families know about community resources, not just those who appear to be at risk of needing help. In addition to a universal education approach, discuss using universal screening tools with your program administrator. One widely-available and free tool is the Protective Factors Survey, 2nd edition (PFS-2). Though the PFS-2 was created to prevent child abuse and neglect, it also provides you a snapshot of your program's families, changes in family protective factors, and areas where staff can focus on increasing individual family protective factors. You can learn more about the PFS-2 in the References & Resources section. Below is a list of potential resources that families might need information about:

• Community liaisons or family advocates
• Health care providers
• 政府福利（例如，社会保障，食品券）
• 有关特定主题的信息（例如，厕所培训）
• Parenting workshops and trainings
• 当地学区
• Local special education services
• 托儿所
• A parenting helpline

帮助团队向家庭提供信息的第二步正在学习如何找到它。狗万app怎么下载互联网通常是一个伟大的开始，一些有用的网站是：

• 父母到父母 -www.p2pusa.org
• Beach Center on Disability -https://beachcenter.lsi.ku.edu/beach-families
• National Parent Helpline -http://www.nationalparenthelpline.org/
• Family Support Services -https://www.childwelfare.gov/topics/supporting/support-services/

Although there is a lot of helpful information about resources available on the Internet for families, it is important for you to make sure that classroom or school-age program teams are prepared to provide printed information. Some families may not have easy access to a computer or the Internet. Also, because some family members may not have good reading skills or may not speak English, staff members should be prepared to describe the programs. This means staff members should be familiar enough with some appropriate resources to answer questions and help family members feel good about contacting an agency or resource.

Some families are more comfortable relying on their own resources than outsiders for help. Although staff members might be aware of a family’s need, the family might not be willing to accept help. Respecting cultural and family differences is extremely important. Although it might take time, building a strong relationship with classroom members can help the family to be open to suggestions.

The Explore exercise will give you practice thinking about real-world scenarios and resources that might support your families.

Observe

压力

作为培训师或教练，您应该遵守您计划中的儿童和工作人员以获得压力的迹象。加强家庭的第一步是识别何时存在问题并帮助访问资源。寻找儿童压力的这些迹象：

When you see signs of stress in yourself or others, take action. Read本文from the American Psychological Association and think about how you can help other adults follow these tips in your workplace:

提供程序中的资源

You may consider starting or expanding a lending library. A lending library can include toys, books, DVDs, and more to help families at home. It is important to provide a range of materials for families with different levels of education, different home languages, and varying concerns. Family members can check out materials to use at home, which may prove extremely useful for those without resources to buy their own books, toys, or educational materials. A lending library is helpful for families who might not have easy access to such materials or for families who were looking for more information on a specific topic.

您还可以支持员工，因为他们开发和实施家庭教育和外展活动。确保工作人员使用他们对家庭的了解来规划这些事件。当家庭需要信息时，最有意义的家庭教育活动是“及时的”。例如，年轻婴儿的老师将不成功地规划关于厕所培训的家庭教育事件。年轻婴儿的家庭不需要这种信息，或者他们可能会被淹没。同样，学龄计划中的一名工作人员应该计划可能对家庭有意义的主题活动。主题可能包括欺凌，友谊，家务等。

Ask staff these questions when planning family education or outreach events:

• 这些信息是否立即用于参加的大多数家庭？
• 信息是适合参加的家庭的孩子吗？
• 有家庭要求有关此主题的信息吗？
• 你听说家人在谈论这个问题吗？
• Do you know or think children in these families are experiencing the issue (i.e., biting, toilet training, dating, drug use, etc.)?
• Is the issue directly affecting families in the program (i.e., downsizing, deployment, economic concerns, etc.)?

Military Families

Deployment is one of the most stressful events a family can experience, but it is important to remember that military families face a variety of unique stressors. A permanent change of station (PCS) can cause a great deal of stress for families as children adjust to new schools, programs, and friends. Military family members may also work unconventional or long hours when they are home. Remember that issues that affect civilian families affect military families, too: divorce or marital conflict, unemployment for a spouse or partner, and health care needs are just a few of the stressors that can impact any family.

Military life is not all about challenges, though. Military families have a variety of supports that you can help families maximize. Military families are often part of a strong military community. They may live on an installation with other military families, and they may have a group of friends in similar circumstances. They also have access to health-care, mental-health, and advocacy resources through their service or installation. These can be valuable assets for families. Finally, they have access to you — military child care. You understand the families’ contexts and can be a valuable source of social support.

Deployment

在部署期间，许多变化发生在孩子和青年可能无法完全理解的家庭内。狗万app怎么下载关于部署的学习通常对军人家庭有压力，并且没有总是通过所涉及的强烈情绪来计划，组织或工作。儿童和青年可以用困惑，恐惧，悲伤和损失的感觉斗争。幼儿和年龄较大的孩子一样可能会遇到这些情绪，尽管他们可能无法口头表达自己的感受。

工作人员可以通过倾听和学习通过这一转变来倾听和学习来支持家庭。狗万app怎么下载工作人员还可以鼓励儿童及其家人之间的额外沟通和参与。照顾成年人可以通过向周围的情绪提供言语来帮助孩子，如“我知道你伤心，希望妈妈能够和你一起住。妈妈爱你。当她离开时，阿姨卡纳将照顾你，让你安全。你是安全和喜爱的。“

Maintaining Connection

When a parent is preparing to be deployed, he or she may worry about losing the connection with a child. Staff members can support families in continuing to meet their children’s needs and remain actively involved in their emotional development.

In preparing for deployment, and while away, the family can be supported in ways that continue to offer sensitivity to the situation. Staff members can create additional opportunities for connection, such as taking or requesting photos of families. Photos can be posted in the program area, or family books can be created for children. Recording stories or messages in the parent’s voice is another ongoing source of connection.

回家

Families anxiously await the return of loved ones from deployment. While viewed as a long-awaited and happy occasion, returning home can also bring about anxious feelings and difficulties. Families and caregivers established and maintained daily routines that did not include the deployed family member. The parent returning home may have had experiences that changed her or him in some ways. Helping families prepare for and maintain connection in the return home is just as important as it is to plan for departure. Children and youth will need an opportunity to continue to feel safe and to adjust to the return of a loved one.

Connecting Families

强大的家庭,社区和社交网络可以help parents manage the many tasks of raising toddlers, children, or youth while a spouse is deployed or serving on active-duty. Staff members should provide information and supportive resources to the families of military children in their care. While the information or resource may fit and be exactly what the family needs, the circumstances surrounding the family may be too overwhelming for them to take on or learn something new. Staff members can offer support by recognizing family strengths and continuing to build trusting relationships.

Non-military families also might benefit from the support of other families or parents who have experience with a similar issue, such as a disability. One example of a resource is Parent to Parent, a national program for parents of children with special needs. There are many local, state and national programs that might be appropriate for the families in your program. It also is possible that the families in your program could start their own support group. This is especially likely if your families are experiencing a common event, such as prolonged deployment, job loss, or relocation. By keeping track of the needs and requests of families in your building, you can help teams start the process for a new family support group.

Work with management to make sure there is an area in your program where families can gather informally for conversations and networking.

Below are additional ways to support military families, based on recommendations from families surveyed in the National Military Family Association Report on the Cycles of Deployment:

• Help a family to be realistic in their expectations of themselves and of each other.
• 提供有关在部署之前，期间和之后可以期待的信息，认识到每个孩子的响应在年龄，发育阶段和气质的基础上可能不同。
• Offer ongoing discussions and support to families with regard to return and reunion challenges.
• Remember that families — even those with experience — do not always have the information and support they need.