自我反思：身体活动在自己的生活中的重要性

Most American adults spend a great amount of time sitting. You are probably sitting right now as you read this course. Take a second to check in with yourself. How long have you been sitting? How long do you plan to be sitting while you complete this course? What effect does all this sitting have on your emotional state? How do you feel right now? Are you tired, unenthusiastic or bored? Perhaps you have been on your feet all day and it feels good to sit down.

Now take 10 seconds to do something different. Stand up. Wiggle your toes and reach your arms up over your head. Look away from the screen and roll your head from one side to the other. Do you feel any different after this very short amount of movement?

对于我们大多数人来说，即使是非常短的身体活动也可以改善我们的能量和前景。变化可能不会剧烈，但也许你觉得你可以注意一点比你最初的要长一点。显然，摆动你的脚趾10秒钟不会对你的整体健康产生有意义的影响，但这种经历让您对体育活动的力量进行了小洞察力。

According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, an adult between the ages of 18 and 64 needs at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity movement (like brisk walking) per week and muscle-strengthening activities on two or more days per week. This level of physical activity can help you:

• Control your weight
• Reduce your risk of cardiovascular disease
• 降低2型糖尿病和代谢综合征的风险
• 降低一些癌症的风险
• 加强你的骨骼和肌肉
• 改善你的心情和心理健康
• Improve your ability to complete daily activities and to prevent falls
• 增加你生活的寿命的机会

很难找到身体的时候activity, but clearly the results are worth it. When you are physically active, you are better able to be your “best self.” You have the energy and health to make a difference in your workplace, family, and community.

Understanding Physical Development

体育发展is one domain of development. It relates to the changes, growth and skill development of the body, including the brain, muscles and senses. Physical development is evident primarily in电动机and精细动作技能。该se skills are essential to children’s overall health and wellness. Gross-motor skills involve the use of large muscles in the legs or arms, as well as general strength and stamina. Examples of such skills include jumping, throwing, climbing, running, skipping or kicking. Fine-motor skills involve the use of small muscles in the arms, hands, and fingers and are supported by advancements in perception. Examples of such skills include stringing beads, scribbling, cutting or drawing. Fine-motor skills enable children to perform a variety of self-help tasks such as using utensils or dressing themselves.

孩子的运动能力发展的结果physical development and growth. As their bodies mature over time, children progressively strengthen their muscles and become able to better control their bodies. Skill mastery and development, however, are also the result of brain growth and development. Consider a preschooler kicking a ball back and forth with a peer. This child must have acquired control over movement and muscles to be able to kick the ball. At the same time, the child also depends on vision to determine the location and direction in which to kick the ball and on hearing for instructions from a peer or caregiver. As children move through the school-age years, their bodies and minds become capable of increasingly more-complex movement patterns and experiences.

员工，儿童和家庭的身体活动

该mental and physical health benefits of activity are extensive. You have read about how important physical activity is for yourself. The same holds true for the staff members, families and children with whom you work. Let’s explore each group.

Importance of Physical Activity for Staff Members

身体活跃的工作人员因各种原因有所不同：

• Physical activity promotes health.When staff members are active and healthy, they should have fewer missed days due to illness.
• Physical activity decreases stress and promotes mental well-being.This means staff members might be better able to handle the pressures of their jobs and family life. This includes being able to have positive interactions with children and families in the program.
• Staff members are role models.It is important for children and youth to see adults engaging in healthy habits like exercise. Children are more likely to participate in physical activities when they are surrounded by others who are interested and engaged.

Importance of Physical Activity for Families

• 身体活跃在一起会很有趣的家庭。漫长的散步，徒步或骑自行车可以为儿童和父母创造有意义的回忆。身体活动也是一个廉价的家庭连接方式。选择楼梯在一起是免费的！
• When parents engage in physical activity, they experience health benefits。该se benefits might include weight loss and control, reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases, and enhanced mental health. Parents pass these health benefits on to their children when they model physical activity and if the family is active together.

Importance of Physical Activity for Children

Children who are physically active are more likely to stay at a healthy weight, sleep better, maintain strong bones, and avoid obesity-related diseases. Children who are physically active also have more opportunities to develop muscle strength and endurance. They are more likely to feel confident about themselves and their bodies as they grow (Let’s Move Child Care, 2013).

Physical activity also provides children with access to learning across domains. An infant who rolls over or pulls up expands access to the surrounding world. That child can look at, touch, and taste a wider array of objects. A preschooler who jumps in puddles is exploring concepts of physics. A school-age child who joins a group soccer game is broadening his or her social connections.

儿童不活动的负面后果是鲜明的。孩子们是探险家，他们的大脑通过活动和运动发展。没有活跃的儿童更有可能在学校有行为问题或者在学术界有困难。

创建促进体育发展的计划文化

Now that you have learned the importance of physical activity for yourself, staff, families, and children, it is time to think about how your program can promote physical activity. Throughout this course, you will hear from staff members, administrators, and training and curriculum specialists from exemplary programs. Think about how you can apply what you see to your own work.

Completing this Course

For more information on what to expect in this course and a list of the accompanying Learn, Explore and Apply resources and activities offered throughout the lessons, visit the Training & Curriculum Specialist Physical DevelopmentCourse Guide。

To support the professional development of the direct care staff members or family child care providers you oversee, you can access their corresponding Course Guides:

• 婴儿和蹒跚学步的身体发展Course Guide
• 万博体育全站app学龄前的物理开发Course Guide
• 学龄儿童Course Guide
• Family Child Care Physical DevelopmentCourse Guide