什么是课程？什么是评估？

“课程包括所在的知识，技能，能力和理解，儿童被收购，并将发生这些收益的学习经验的计划。”狗万app怎么下载- 通过8岁（2009，第20页）为诞生儿童提供儿童的早期儿童计划的发展适当的做法。

评估包括工具和战略工作人员用来了解儿童是否正在发展，实现适合其年龄的能力，并学习新技能。狗万app怎么下载在早期护理计划中，评估工具和策略帮助人员文件的个人进展，以确保每个孩子都进入他/她的目标。评估还向课程通知，因为活动计划和学习经验量身定制对每个孩子的当前发展和目标。狗万app怎么下载您可以通过审查联合立场声明，了解更多关于课程和评估最佳实践的更多信息，我们代表国家幼儿（NAEYC）和国家教育部门的国家幼儿专家协会（NAECS / SDE）附在学习部分的末尾。

儿童和青年参加护理和教育计划应该有各种在智力刺激，吸引力和乐趣的经历。高质量的计划依赖于书面，证据，发展适当的课程作为教师和青年领导人用于计划日常生活和活动的基础。课程应该适合护理人员，教师或青年领导者的儿童年龄。T＆CS义务的一部分是了解在其计划中服务的儿童的适当经验和发展目标。并在他们与计划人员的工作中传达和使用这种知识。您的计划可能选择了用于记录儿童的增长和发展的特定评估，课程和格式，因此在您与计划工作人员合作时，您可以在课程和评估中查看您自己的计划或服务的程序和标准。

Curriculum planning for infants, toddlers and preschoolers is often tied to teachers' observations of children (i.e., a form of assessment), which guides the development of activity plans and learning experiences that help children work toward their individual goals, and is based on their observed interests. The basis for curriculum in school-age and youth programs, however, often looks different. Ensure activities and experiences are designed and developed based on current research and curriculum; for example, activities should be conducted in the following areas: character and leadership development; education and career development; health and life skills; the arts; sports, fitness & recreation; and technology. Children and youth may directly suggest activities or projects they are interested in, and/or activities may be centered around a larger project where there is a defined goal for the group (e.g., creating a community garden, putting on a play, making a model of the human heart).

工作人员将为自己的个人，人才和利益带来与儿童和青年的工作，以丰富课程。可以邀请家庭与孩子课堂上的儿童或青年分享信息，知识和技能。课程应根据特定儿童和青年的利益。对所选择的课程的适应和修改可以在特殊教育支持人员（例如，早期干预者或包容性促进者）或以下与包含和与有特殊需求的儿童相关的服务特定指导方针和政策。T＆CS和计划经理是通过确保工作人员实施课程和任何忠诚的评估方面的领导者。T＆C证明了她或他作为儿童和青年评估，课程和教学领域的领导者的角色。

T＆CS通过以下方式展示了教学领导力：

• 课堂观察（检查计划，材料，常规等环境组成部分）
• 老师观察(使用reflective supervision cycle: pre-observation meeting, classroom observation, and post-observation meeting)
• Participation in teacher planning meetings and other team meetings
• 在解决问题的会议中的参与
• 建模关系的成人儿童互动
• Actively coaching staff when they are implementing new strategies or procedures
• Participation in professional development activities with staff
• 根据工作人员的需求来个性化观察反馈
• 通过在职专业发展提高工作人员的知识和技能
• 提供资源和信息的工作人员，以确保课程适合考虑所有儿童和青少年的文化，语言和能力

虚拟实验室学校旨在帮助新的T＆CS在这些种类的实践中发展能力。T＆CS还可以继续通过与同事或寻求导师合作，并开发职业关系，并在那里提出有助于战略和资源的职业关系。

该计划经理通过在课程，评估和指导方面提供领导地位，协助T＆CS。该计划经理确保了必要的资源（例如，课堂，课堂和游乐场用品，材料，设备），并确保这些资源状况良好，适用于环境中的儿童和青年。

The program manager understands that together with the T&Cs, he or she makes intentional decisions to foster a warm, caring community among staff members. A strong sense of community encourages collaboration as program staff work as a team to implement the curriculum. The T&Cs and program manager share relevant information about staff members and also work collaboratively to ensure that staff provide high-quality education and care for all children and youth enrolled in the program.

观察和课程计划评论

T＆CS和计划管理人员通过在教室中的计划参与观察和对课程计划的不断审查来证明领导。T＆CS可以通过与儿童和青年的有意义的环境和教学变革来教授教师。您的程序设置或服务可以为您提供课堂和教师观测的格式。理想情况下，被观察到的教师或其他工作人员应包含在与T＆CS的预观察员会议或会议中，以讨论将如何遵守的内容以及如何记录观察结果（例如，视频，音频，书面笔记）。观察应包括教师对实践的反思。T＆CS可以仔细构建问题，以引发有关教师对课程的理解的信息。当T＆CS和计划经理与教师围绕观察和规划合作时，他们承认这是一个协作过程，教师是他或她自己的专业增长的积极参与者。个人监督（包括观察数据和协作反馈）可能是一种有力的方法，以确保教师在与儿童和青年周围增加他们的实践的知识和技能。

The environment is a critical part of instruction (so critical that often the environment is called the third teacher). The environment includes not just furniture, materials, and equipment but also teacher-child interactions. There are a number ofenvironment rating scales用于早期护理和教育和青年计划。对教师 - 儿童互动进行了广泛的研究，并对成人儿童互动对儿童的成果进行了影响。一些研究发现了Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS)to be a valid measure of teacher-child interaction quality. These environmental assessments are often required for child-care centers, Head Start, and pre-K programs to complete as part of state quality rating and improvement systems evaluations. T&Cs and program managers should become very familiar with the observational tools their setting has selected. Training is critical in order to be a keen observer of teachers and children.

Written lesson plans are another way to engage teachers in discussing their practice. Again, the setting you work in may have a particular format for written plans. T&Cs and program managers will want to sit in on planning meetings and review plans to examine fidelity to the curriculum. T&Cs and program managers must first be well-versed in their program's curriculum processes to assess how well staff members are utilizing the materials or content, and enacting your program's curriculum procedures. Learning to use a written curriculum and create well-developed lesson plans is a process that takes time and guidance. T&Cs should be prepared to provide constructive feedback and suggestions to staff as they develop their lesson plans. Activities should be meaningful and build on the interests of the children and youth. Plans for infants, toddlers and preschoolers should include developmental information and how the planned experiences and interactions support development. Primary-age children and older youth can join with peers and teachers to plan ongoing project work (e.g., creation of a science lab, create costumes and food for a medieval festival, etc.). As T&Cs review new staff members' activity plans, they should remember to ask reflective questions, like the ones listed below. These will help T&Cs gauge staff members' understanding of the curriculum processes in their settings, and offer insight about where to tailor support.

• 你本周为您的活动计划提出您的想法在哪里？
• How do you think these plans will help individual children meet their goals?
• 你希望学龄青年将从这种经历中获得什么？
• 您是否认为可能需要任何修改以确保所有儿童都可以参与此想法？
• 您需要哪些资源来使计划成功？
• Are there ways you could involve families in this activity?

观看下面的视频，听到T＆CS和计划管理人员描述他们如何开展生产性观察，并指导直接护理人员创造故意课程计划。

计划管理：课程支持

留下最新的

T＆CS'和计划经理的重要组成部分与早期护理和教育和青少年发展领域保持着当前。加入专业组织（例如，国家幼儿教育协会，幼儿幼儿幼儿师司，国家之后的幼儿学会课程，是关于在该领域的新信息及时接收信息的绝佳方式。订阅从业者期刊（教育幼儿,Exchange)provides short articles that can be shared with staff during a meeting. Websites that contain evidence-based information can be bookmarked.

条例和程序经理还需要评估d and provided with professional development. Look for a mentor, book group, social groups that have people in similar jobs where you can share ideas and learn news about the field. You will be a better leader for your staff and families when you make sure to attend to your own professional growth.